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  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (6)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-09-12
    Description: LANDSAT-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) digital image products recorded onto computer compatible tapes (CCTs), which were available for internal research purposes prior to August, 1983, are reviewed. The SCROUNGE image processing system at Goddard Space Flight Centr generated in tape formats: (1) raw band-sequential data (CCT-BT), generally used for internal transportation of digital data from one ground processing system to another; (2) calibrated data (CCT-AT), useful for reseachers doing radiometric characterization; and (3) geometrically resampled data (CCT-PT), the final product. The formats represent different steps in the process of producing fully-corrected TM data. The CCT-BT images are re-sequenced from telemetry format to image format, but are uncorrected radiometrically and geometrically. The CCT-AT images had data from two faulty data channels replaced and all data radiometrically calibrated. The CCT-PT images were resampled by cubic convolution procedures to provide a geometrically corrected image using satellite ephemeris and altitude data and scan-mirror correction data. The final product, the CCT-PT, is the one to which all of the radiometric and geometric corrections were applied.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: LANDSAT-4 Sci. Invest. Summ., Including Dec. 1983 Workshop Results, Vol. 1; p 116-126
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-09-12
    Description: Descriptive and procedural background material for understanding results from radiometric calibration of the reflective bands and digital image products of the thermal mapper (TM) are discussed. The radiometric subsystems of the TM are described, with emphasis on the internal calibrator pulse shapes and timing cycle.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: LANDSAT-4 Sci. Invest. Summ., Including Dec. 1983 Workshop Results, Vol. 1; p 90-91
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The image characteristics of digital data generated by LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper (TM) are discussed. Digital data from the TM resides in tape files at various stages of image processing. Within each image data file, the image lines are blocked by a factor of either 5 for a computer compatible tape CCT-BT, or 4 for a CCT-AT and CCT-PT; in each format, the image file has a different format. Nominal geometric corrections which provide proper geodetic relationships between different parts of the image are available only for the CCT-PT. It is concluded that detector 3 of band 5 on the TM does not respond; this channel of data needs replacement. The empty bin phenomenon in CCT-AT images results from integer truncations of mixed-mode arithmetric operations.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E84-10183 , NASA-TM-85620 , NAS 1.15:85620
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Computer compatible tapes (CCTs) of LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper (TM) digital image products are compared and reviewed. The following tape formats are discussed: (1) raw band-sequential data (CCT-BT); (2) calibrated data (CCT-AT); and (3) geometrically resampled data (CCT-PT). Each format represents different steps in the process of producing fully corrected TM data. The CCT-BT images are uncorrected radiometrically or geometrically, CCT-AT data are radiometrically calibrated, and CCT-PT images are both radiometrically and geometrically corrected.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E84-10178 , NASA-TM-85598 , NAS 1.15:85598
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The radiometric subsystem of NASA's LANDSAT-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor is described. Special emphasis is placed on the internal calibrator (IC) pulse shapes and timing cycle. The procedures for the absolute radiometric calibration of the TM channels with a 122-centimeter integrating sphere and the transfer of radiometric calibration from the channels to the IC are reviewed. The use of the IC to calibrate TM data in the ground processing system consists of pulse integration, pulse averaging, IC state identification, linear regression analysis, and histogram equalization. An overview of the SCROUNGE-era (before August 1983) method is presented. Procedural differences between SCROUNGE and the TIPS-era (after July 1983) and the implications of these differences are discussed.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E84-10056 , NASA-TM-85597 , NAS 1.15:85597
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Prelaunch and postlaunch internal calibrator, image, and background data is to characterize the radiometric performance of the LANDSAT-4 TM and to recommend improved procedures for radiometric calibration. All but two channels (band 2, channel 4; band 5, channel 3) behave normally. Gain changes relative to a postlaunch reference for channels within a band vary within 0.5 percent as a group. Instrument gain for channels in the cold focal plane oscillates. Noise in background and image data ranges from 0.5 to 1.7 counts. Average differences in forward and reverse image data indicate a need for separate calibration processing of forward and reverse scans. Precision is improved by increasing the pulse integration width from 31 to 41 minor frames, depending on the band.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E84-10182 , NASA-TM-85602 , NAS 1.15:85602
    Format: application/pdf
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