Publication Date:
2012-01-28
Description:
Plasmodium ookinetes traverse midgut epithelial cells before they encounter the complement system in the mosquito hemolymph. We identified a heme peroxidase (HPX2) and NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) as critical mediators of midgut epithelial nitration and antiplasmodial immunity that enhance nitric oxide toxicity in Anopheles gambiae. We show that the two immune mechanisms that target ookinetes-epithelial nitration and thioester-containing protein 1 (TEP1)-mediated lysis-work sequentially, and we propose that epithelial nitration works as an opsonization-like system that promotes activation of the mosquito complement cascade.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3444286/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3444286/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oliveira, Giselle de Almeida -- Lieberman, Joshua -- Barillas-Mury, Carolina -- ZIA AI000947-08/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 17;335(6070):856-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1209678. Epub 2012 Jan 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22282475" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Anopheles gambiae/genetics/*immunology/physiology
;
Complement System Proteins/metabolism
;
Female
;
Gene Silencing
;
Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
;
Malaria/immunology
;
Mice
;
Mice, Inbred BALB C
;
NADPH Oxidase/genetics/*metabolism
;
Nitrogen/*metabolism
;
Peroxidases/genetics/*metabolism
;
Plasmodium berghei/*immunology/physiology
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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