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Functionalization of poly (aryl ether ether ketone): Synthesis of bromomethylated PEEK and its functionalization (1994)

Wang, Fei ; Roovers, Jacques

Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 2413-2424

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ISSN: 0887-624X

Keywords: PEEK ; functionalization ; bromination ; functional polymer ; substituted PEEK ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Bromomethyl poly (aryl ether ether ketone) has been prepared from methyl poly (aryl ether ether ketone) (MePEEK) and has been used as the precursor to many forms of functionalized PEEK. MePEEK was brominated directly with bromine. Bromination takes place exclusively at the methyl group. The reaction conditions for bromination have been studied. The bromination level can be controlled by the amount of bromine used, up to 90% of the methyl groups can be brominated to mono-bromo and di-bromo methyl PEEK. Modification reactions have been carried out on the brominated methyl PEEK. The bromomethyl group has been converted to different functional groups, such as — CH2OH, — CH2OCH3, — COOCH3, — CH2CN, — CH2COOH — CH2OCOCH3, — CH2N+H (CH2CH3)2Br-, — CH2N (CH2CH3)2, — CH2N+ (CH2CH3)3 Br-. Published 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Additional Material: 6 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080321302

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Preparation and sizing mechanisms of neutral rosin size II: functions of rosin derivatives on sizing efficiency (1999)

Wang, Fei ; Wu, Zonghua ; Tanaka, Hiroo

Springer

Journal of wood science 45 (1999), S. 475-480

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ISSN: 1611-4663

Keywords: Rosin derivatives ; Neutral rosin sizes ; Neutral to alkaline sizing ; Glycerol dirosinate

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract Four rosin derivatives, including rosin esters and rosinamides, were synthesized and used to prepare neutral rosin sizes. Their effects during sizing are discussed in detail. Compared to natural rosin, the rosin derivatives had nearly no effect on sizing even at high retention levels in paper. However, the rosin derivatives in the rosin sizes improved the stability of the emulsion size particles, and there was good correlation between the sizing effect and the stability of the emulsion sizes under neutral to alkaline conditions. On the other hand, the structure of the rosin derivatives significantly influenced the stability and sizing effect of the neutral rosin sizes. In particular, for glycerin rosin ester-rosin sizes, the emulsion stability and sizing effect increased with an increasing proportion of dirosinate, among the glycerin rosin esters. Consequently, it was suggested that the rosin derivatives hardly contribute to the sizing performance of paper but predominantly function to stabilize the neutral rosin size particles, thereby improving the efficiency of the size under neutral to alkaline sizing conditions. Also it was supposed that glycerol dirosinate in the neutral rosin size would probably enable formation of a more stable particle structure to prevent the destructive action of the OH− ion.