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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Transport in porous media 3 (1988), S. 51-79 
    ISSN: 1573-1634
    Keywords: Capillary pressure ; residual oil ; immiscible displacement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The approach to residual oil saturation during the immiscible displacement of oil as predicted by the multiphase Darcy equations is studied. It is well known that when the capillary pressure term is neglected, one arrives at the Buckley-Leverett formulation according to which the inlet face attains residual oil saturation instantaneously. This result may, however, be strongly influenced by the inclusion of the capillary pressure term. In this paper it is shown that when the relative permeability and capillary pressure functions have power law dependencies on the saturation deviation from residual oil condition, the long time solution exhibits a power law decay toward residual saturation. Moreover, the power law decay solution is found to be unique and independent of the initial condition. The relationship of this solution to the classical Buckley-Leverett result is shown. Finally, generalization to the time varying flow rate case is addressed. As a verification of the theoretical conjectures, the power law solution is compared with direct numerical simulation of the two phase flow equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Nanospheres ; Sol–gel process ; Colloidal dispersion ; Tetraethoxysilane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This study focused on the preparation of a hydrocarbon dispersion of nanospherical silica using tetraethoxysilane homopolymerization by a sol–gel process catalyzed by NH4OH in ethanol. The silica surface was rendered hydrophobic by the introduction of trimethylchlorosilane or trimethylethoxysilane as a terminator. Organophilic particles with diameters in the range 10–130 nm were obtained under controlled conditions. Nevertheless, the organophilic fraction dispersed in hexane was not greater than 62%. The homopolymerization reaction time was directly related to the particle size and, in some cases, its insolubility. High terminator concentration and low termination temperature favored the increase in the number of organophilic particles. The chlorine-containing terminator was more efficient in promoting the production of hydrocarbon hydrophobic nanospheres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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