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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 10 (1981), S. 121-127 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Pressure ; density ; ionization constants ; volume changes ; water ; magnesium sulfate ; calcium sulfate ; cobalt and nickel sulfate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of pressure on ionization constants are described more simply by the use of solvent density rather than pressure. The recent ionization constants of metal sulfates in aqueous solution of Fisher and Fox are used to demonstrate greater predictability with density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 13 (1984), S. 383-391 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Pressure ; density ; ionization constants ; volume changes ; water ; solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Adjustment of a constant in the pressurization ters of the El'yanov-Hamann equation for the pressure dependence of the logarithm of ionization constants of solutes gives a close approximation to log density of the solvent over a limited range of temperature and density. (That is, it giTes an equation of state for the solvent.) The density relationship, however, is more universally applicable to tho description and prediction of ionization equilibria.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 22 (1993), S. 539-555 
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Critical densities ; critical temperatures ; critical volumes ; high temperatures ; high pressures ; ionization constants ; apparent molal volumes ; partial molal volumes ; pressure ; density ; electrostriction ; solutions ; critical phenomena ; water ; sodium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A model based on solvation-electrostriction-ionization properties is developed to fit the critical density curve of aqueous sodium chloride solutions from 0 to 4.28 molal at temperatures from 374 to 566°C. Apparent solution ideality is observed. The description indicates that each ion significantly electrostricts roughly 800 water molecules and neutral NaCl electrostricts insignificantly. Lack of electrostriction for neutral NaCl may explain why complete constants describe ionization equilibria so well. Molal volumes and pseudo-apparent molal volumes are described for both actual solutions and hypothetical solutions containing either 100% neutral NaCl molecules or fully ionized electrolyte (Na++Cl−).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A method for obtaining word and frame synchronization in pulse position modulated optical communication systems is described. The method uses a short sync sequence inserted at the beginning of each data frame and a verification procedure to distinguish between inserted and randomly occurring sequences at the receiver. This results in an easy to implement sync system which provides reliable synchronization even at high symbol error rates. Results are given for the application of this approach to a highly energy efficient 256-ary PPM test system.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A simple method is described for determining the performance of a free space optical communication link. The method can be used either in the system design (synthesis) mode, or in the performance evaluation (analysis) mode. Although restricted to photo counting based detection (e.g., photomultiplier tube or equivalent) of pulse position modulated signals, the method is still sufficiently general to accommodate space-based, as well as ground-based, reception.
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: In calculating the performance of free-space optical communications links, the transmitter pointing loss is one of the two most important factors. It is shown in this paper that the traditional formula for the instantaneous pointing loss (i.e., for the transmitter telescope far-field beam pattern) is quite inaccurate. A more accurate and practical approximation is developed in which the pointing loss is calculated using a Taylor series approximation. The four-term series is shown to be accurate to 0.1 dB for the theta angles not greater than 0.9 lambda/D (wavelength/telescope diameter).
    Keywords: COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 26; 2055-205
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