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  • Brassica napus  (4)
  • Haploid  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro culture of isolated microspores and regeneration of plants in Brassica campestris (1992)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 11 (1992), S. 234-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Brassica campestris ; Microspore ; Embryogenesis ; Haploid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A protocol previously developed for B. napus microspore culture was modified to produce embryos from several lines of Brassica campestris. Bud size, genotype, media constituents, and incubation time and temperature were examined. Donor plants were grown in a growth cabinet at a day/night temperature of 10/5°C. Microspores were isolated from buds 2.0 – 2.9 mm in length and cultured in modified Lichter (1982) medium containing 17% sucrose, pH 6.2. After 48 h at 32°C, the incubation medium was replaced with NLN (Lichter 1982) medium containing 10% sucrose. Microspores were cultured at 24°C in darkness and embryos developed after three weeks. More than 1000 plants have thus far been regenerated. Genotypic differences were observed for microspore embryogenesis. The majority of the regenerants were haploid, however colchicine could be effectively used to achieve chromosome doubling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235072
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Brassica rapa L. genotypes for microspore culture response and identification of a highly embryogenic line (1995)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 14 (1995), S. 580-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Brassica rapa ; Microspore ; Embryogenesis ; Haploid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Isolated microspore culture techniques are being widely used in Brassica breeding programs to generate haploid and doubled haploid plants. A number of factors influence regeneration response in vitro including genotype. In order to assess the effect of genotype on microspore embryogenesis in B. rapa L. var. oleifera, 17 cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated. Embryos developed from all but one genotype when using NLN medium with 17% sucrose, followed by a reduction in sucrose concentration to 10%, 48 h later. The number of embryos /100 buds differed between genotypes, ranging from 0 to 70. Further studies indicated that sucrose concentration and incubation time influenced embryogenesis. Selection studies carried out with an Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada breeding line have resulted in the identification of a highly embryogenic B. rapa line. This line produced thousands of microspore-derived embryos /100 buds and will be useful in mutant selection and gene transfer as well as biochemical and developmental studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231942
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of embryogenesis and haploid production in Brassica campestris anther cultures by elevated temperature treatments (1979)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 55 (1979), S. 65-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica campestris ; Embryogenesis ; Haploid ; Microspore ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Culture of Brassica campestris anthers at 35°C for one or three days prior to culture at 25°C significantly stimulated the yield of microspore-derived embryos. More than 100 plants were regenerated from cultured embryos and haploids were identified amongst them. The haploid frequency was greater than 70% if all small-flowered sterile plants were considered to be haploid. The yield of microspore-derived plants in B. campestris is approaching the level where anther culture may be utilized as a practical breeding tool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285191
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of microsporesin vivo andin vitro inBrassica napus L. (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 147 (1988), S. 191-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Microspore embryogenesis ; Pollen development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Populations of highly homogeneous uninucleate and binucleate microspores ofBrassica napus cv. Topas were obtained by bud selection and percoll fractionation. The development of the uninucleate and the binucleate microspores in culture was compared to thosein vivo using the fluorochrome DAPI to stain DNA. The major developmental pathway of the uninucleate microsporesin vitro resulted in embryo formation. The characteristic of this pathway was that the first division produced two diffusely stained nuclei and subsequent divisions gave rise to a multinucleate embryoid. The second pathway which occurred in a small number of the uninucleate microspores led to callus formation. The majority of the binucleate microsporesin vitro followed the developmental pattern of their counterpartsin vivo and were not embryogenic. The embryogenic binucleate microspores produced embryos through the divisions of the vegetative nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403347
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High frequency plant regeneration from thin cell layer explants of Brassica napus (1985)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 4 (1985), S. 183-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; thin cell layers ; organogenesis ; plant regeneration ; rapeseed ; explant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Explants composed of the epidermis and 4–9 layers of subepidermal cells were excised from internodes of Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera cv. Westar and cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The three or four terminal internodes excised from plants at an early stage (before any flower buds had opened) were shown to be the best explant source. Both cytokinin and auxin were required for induction of shoot organogenesis. Of six auxins tested, only naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was effective in shoot bud initiation. All four cytokinins tested (when associated with 0.5 mgl-1 NAA) promoted organogenesis, but at differing frequencies. The highest shoot induction frequency was obtained at 10–15 mgl-1 benzyladenine (BA). The organogenic response was strongly affected by the nitrogen content of the medium. The best response was observed when NO3 - was the sole nitrogen source (supplied as KNO3) in the range 30–90 mM. Sucrose and glucose were equally supportive in shoot regeneration with the optimal levels at 0.12 M and 0.15 M, respectively. Shoots were rooted on medium free of growth regulators and mature plants were grown in the greenhouse. Plants were also recovered from leafy structures which differed morphologically and histologically from shoot buds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040193
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration from stem cortex protoplasts of Brassica napus (1987)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 8 (1987), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; thin cell layer ; protoplasts ; plant regeneration ; rapeseed ; organogenesis ; callus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cell layer strips composed of the epidermis and 7–9 layers of subepidermal cells were isolated from the 3–4 terminal internodes of Brassica napus cv Westar plants at the early flowering stage. The strips were precultured for one day in modified liquid MS [11] medium and subsequently incubated for 17–18 h in a 0.4 M mannitol solution containing 1% Macerozyme and 1% Cellulase ‘Onozuka’ R-10. Protoplast yield was 2–2.8×106 per 1.0g of tissue. Protoplasts were cultured at 1×105/ml in three different media: S1 [13], B [12] and L[8]. The first cell divisions occurred after 2–8 days of culture at frequencies of 20–54%. The highest growth rate of colonies was obtained in L medium containing 0.4 M sucrose and 2% Ficoll. After 4 weeks, green calli, 1–2 mm in diameter were transferred onto B5 [2] medium with 3 mgl-1 zeatin, 1% sucrose, 0.1 M mannitol and 0.5% agarose for shoot regeneration. Up to 20% of the calli regenerated shoots which subsequently were rooted and established in soil in the greenhouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040949
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of donor plant age and inflorescence age on microspore culture of Brassica napus L. (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 58 (1991), S. 51-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; donor plant age ; embryogenesis ; haploid ; microspore culture ; microspore stage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Effect of age of donor plants and age of inflorescence on embryogenesis in microspore culture of B. napus was examined. Microspores isolated from buds of older plants had a higher embryo yield than those of younger ones. The effect of the age of inflorescence showed a different pattern. In older plants, a higher embryogenesis response was observed in microspores isolated from buds of new inflorescences, while in young plants, microspores isolated from buds of old inflorescences showed high embryo yield. These different responses were considered to be attributable to a difference in the developmental stage of pollen at the time of microspore isolation. Our results indicated that microspores collected from older inflorescences and older plants have sufficient embryogenic potential when the optimum developmental stage of pollen was used. Frequency of embryo to plant conversion was influenced by the size of embryos subcultured, but not by donor plant age or the age of the inflorescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00035339
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