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  • 1
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    Visual-Vestibular Responses During Space Flight (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: Given the documented disruptions that occur in spatial orientation during space flight and the putative sensory-motor information underlying eye and head spatial coding, the primary purpose of this paper is to examine components of the target acquisition system in subjects free to make head and eye movements in three dimensional space both during and following adaptation to long duration space flight. It is also our intention to suggest a simple model of adaptation that has components in common with cerebellar disorders whose neurobiological substrate has been identified.
    Keywords: Behavioral Sciences
    Type: Proceedings of the First Biennial Space Biomedical Investigators' Workshop; 441-442
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Subjective Straight Ahead Orientation in Microgravity (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: This joint ESA NASA study will address adaptive changes in spatial orientation related to the subjective straight ahead and the use of a vibrotactile sensory aid to reduce perceptual errors. The study will be conducted before and after long-duration expeditions to the International Space Station (ISS) to examine how spatial processing of target location is altered following exposure to microgravity. This study addresses the sensorimotor research gap to "determine the changes in sensorimotor function over the course of a mission and during recovery after landing."
    Keywords: Behavioral Sciences
    Type: JSC-CN-32140 , 2015 Human Research Program Investigators'' (HRP) Workshop; Jan 13, 2015 - Jan 15, 2015; Galveston, TX; United States
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  • 3
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    Space motion sickness preflight adaptation training: preliminary studies with prototype trainers (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Preflight training frequently has been proposed as a potential solution to the problem of space motion sickness. The paper considers successively the otolith reinterpretation, the concept for a preflight adaptation trainer and the research with the Miami University Seesaw, the Wright Patterson Air-Force Base Dynamic Environment Simulator and the Visually Coupled Airborne Systems Simulator prototype adaptation trainers.
    Keywords: Behavioral Sciences
    Type: Acta astronautica (ISSN 0094-5765); 15; 1; 67-71
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  • 4
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    Binocular Coordination of the Human Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex during Off-axis Pitch Rotation (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-11
    Description: Head movements in the sagittal pitch plane typically involve off-axis rotation requiring both vertical and horizontal vergence ocular reflexes to compensate for angular and translational motion relative to visual targets of interest. The purpose of this study was to compare passive pitch VOR responses during rotation about an Earth-vertical axis (canal only cues) with off-axis rotation (canal and otolith cues). Methods. Eleven human subjects were oscillated sinusoidally at 0.13, 0.3 and 0.56 Hz while lying left-side down with the interaural axis either aligned with the axis of rotation or offset by 50 cm. In a second set of measurements, twelve subjects were also tested during sinusoidally varying centrifugation over the same frequency range. The modulation of vertical and horizontal vergence ocular responses was measured with a binocular videography system. Results. Off-axis pitch rotation enhanced the vertical VOR at lower frequencies and enhanced the vergence VOR at higher frequencies. During sinusoidally varying centrifugation, the opposite trend was observed for vergence, with both vertical and vergence vestibulo-ocular reflexes being suppressed at the highest frequency. Discussion. These differential effects of off-axis rotation over the 0.13 to 0.56 Hz range are consistent with the hypothesis that otolith-ocular reflexes are segregated in part on the basis of stimulus frequency. At the lower frequencies, tilt otolith-ocular responses compensate for declining canal input. At higher frequencies, translational otolith-ocular reflexes compensate for declining visual contributions to the kinematic demands required for fixating near targets.
    Keywords: Behavioral Sciences
    Format: application/pdf
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