ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Fluid geochemistry investigations on the volcanic system of methana (2007)
    Geological Society of Greece
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: An extensive geochemical survey on the fluids released by the volcanic/geothermal system of Methana was undertaken. Characterization of the gases was made on the basis of the chemical and isotopic (He and C) analysis of 14 samples. CO2 soil gas concentration and fluxes were measured on the whole peninsula at more than 100 sampling sites. 31 samples of thermal and cold groundwaters were also sampled and analysed to characterize the geochemistry of aquifers. Anomalies referable to the geothermal system, besides at known thermal manifesta-tions, were also recognized at some anomalous degassing soil site and in some cold groundwater. These anomalies were always spatially correlated to the main active tectonic system of the area. The total CO2 output of the volcanic system has been preliminary estimated in about 0.2 kg s-1. Although this value is low compared to other volcanic systems, anomalous CO2 degassing at Methana may pose gas hazard problems. Such volcanic risk, although restricted to limited areas, cannot be neglected and further studies have to be undertaken for its better assessment
    Description: Published
    Description: 712-722
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: soil gases ; CO2 fluxes ; gas hazard ; groundwater chemistry ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Carbon dioxide manifestations and related hazard along the Hellenic territory (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-15
    Description: Like other geodynamically active areas also the Hellenic territory is affected by a large number of geogenic gas manifestations. These occur either in form of point sources (fumaroles, mofettes, bubbling gases) or as diffuse soil gas emanations. Geogenic sources release huge amounts of gases, which, apart from having important influences on the global climate, could have strong impact on human health. Gases have both acute and chronic effects. Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulphide are the main gases responsible for acute mortality due to their asphyxiating and/or toxic properties. Gas hazard is often disregarded because in fatal episodes connected to geogenic gases the death cause is often not correctly attributed. Due to the fact that geodynamic active areas can release geogenic gases for million years over wide areas, it is important not to underestimate potential risks. The present work produced a first catalogue of the geogenic gas manifestations of the whole Hellenic territory also considering literature data. Carbon dioxide dominated manifestations are the majority (61 out of 81). Most of them are found along the South Aegean Active Volcanic Arc. Many sites are also found in northern Greece and along the Sperchios basin - north Evia graben (central Greece) which are characterised by extensional tectonic activity. A preliminary estimation of the gas hazard has been made for the time period of the last 20 years considering the whole population of Greece. In this period at least two fatal episodes with a total of three victims could be certainly attributed to geogenic gases (specifically carbon dioxide). This would give a risk of 1.3 10-8 fatalities from geogenic gas manifestations per annum. Of course this risk is unevenly distributed along the whole Hellenic territory and it will depend on many factors. The most important factor will be the geographical distribution of the natural gas manifestations while also the strength of the source, the chemical composition of the gases, the meteorological conditions and the topography of the area will contribute to the determination of the local risk. The assessment of the geographical distribution of the risk levels is a difficult task, but the present catalogue of the gas manifestations of the natural gas manifestations of Greece will be a contribution to its determination. Since deaths due to natural gases are often wrongly attributed we cannot exclude that some fatal episode has not be recognized and thus that the risk is somewhat higher than that here assessed. Although very low this risk has not to be neglected, not only because possibly underestimated but also because simple countermeasures could be adopted. Dangerous area can be easily identified and delimited by geochemical prospections and their hazard properly evidenced.
    Description: Published
    Description: Kagoshima, Japan
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; gas hazard ; Greece ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Methana, the westernmost active volcanic system of the south Aegean arc (Greece): insight from fluids geochemistry (2008)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: An extensive geochemical survey of the fluids released by the volcanic/geothermal system of Methana was undertaken. Gases were characterized based on the chemical and isotopic [helium (He) and carbon (C)] analysis of 27 samples. Carbon dioxide soil gas concentration and fluxes were measured at 179 sampling sites throughout the peninsula. Forty samples of thermal and cold groundwaters were also sampled and analysed to characterize the geochemistry of the aquifers. Gases of hydrothermal origin gave a preliminary geothermometric estimate of about 210 °C. The He-isotope composition indicated mantle contributions of up to 40%, and the C-isotope composition of CO2 indicated that it predominantly (〉90%) originated from limestone decomposition. The groundwater composition was suggestive of mixing between meteoric and hydrothermally modified sea-water endmembers and water–rock interaction processes limited to simple rock dissolution driven by an increased endogenous CO2 content. All of the thermal manifestations and anomalous degassing areas, although of limited extent, were spatially correlated with the main active tectonic system of the area. The total CO2 output of the volcanic system has been preliminary estimated to be less than 0.05 kg s–1. Although this value is very low compared to those of other volcanic systems, anomalous CO2 degassing at Methana – which is currently restricted to limited areas and at present is the only volcanic risk of the peninsula – is a potential gas hazard that warrants further assessment in future studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 818-828
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Methana ; south Aegean volcanic arc ; fluids geochemistry ; soil gases ; groundwaters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Hydrogen sulphide as a natural air contaminant in volcanic/geothermal areas: the case of Sousaki, Corinthia (Greece) (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Volcanic and geothermal areas are one of the major natural sources of H2S to the atmosphere. Its environmental impact is often the main cause of the opposition to the development of geothermal energy exploitation programs. In this paper we analyze the air concentrations and dispersion pattern of naturally emitted H2S at the geothermal area of Sousaki (Corinthia, Greece). Measurements, made with a network of passive samplers, evidence a rapid decrease of concentration values away from the emission points. The fact that the decrease is more pronounced in the summer with respect to the winter indicates that it is not only due to a dilution effect, but also to redox reactions favoured by higher temperatures and intense sunlight typical of the summer period.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1723-1728
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Hydrogen sulphide ; Environmental impact of volcanic activity ; Gas hazard ; Passive samplers ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.03. Pollution ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    ATMOSPHERIC HYDROGEN SULPHIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN FUMAROLIC AREAS OF THE SOUTH AEGEAN VOLCANIC ARC (GREECE) (2009)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Volcanic and geothermal areas are one of the major natural sources of environmentally relevant gases to the atmosphere. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a toxic gas, which is rather always present in geothermal fluids. Like carbon dioxide, being a gas that is denser than atmospheric air, it can accumulate in topographic depressions and enclosures sometimes reaching concentrations (500-1000 ppm) lethal to humans and animals. It has a characteristic odor of rotten eggs to which the human smell is very sensible (odor threshold as low as 10 ppb for very sensible persons). The south Aegean volcanic arc, which is related to the subduction of the African plate beneath the Eurasian plate, comprises many active or extinct volcanic centres. Most of them are characterised by the presence of fumarolic areas. The peculiarity and beauty of such manifestations attracts each year thousands of tourists many of which go very close to the emission vents. In the present study we measured the atmospheric concentrations and dispersion pattern of naturally emitted H2S at four fumarolic areas (Thiochoma – Sousaki, Fyriplaka – Milos. Nea Kameni – Santorini, Lakki plain – Nisyros). Measurements were made with a network of passive samplers positioned at about 1.5 m above the ground, which gave time-integrated values for periods ranging from days to weeks. Values ranged from 0.1 to 2050 ppb at Sousaki, from 0.8 to 33.8 ppb for Milos, from 0.1 to 5.1 ppb for Santorini and from 1.6 to 1240 ppb for Nisyros. At all the fumatolic areas concentrations decreased exponentially with increasing distances from the source. The highest values were recorded at distances of about 5-20 m from the fumarolic vents. The striking difference between the highest values measured at Sousaki and Nisyros with respect to Milos and Santorini depends on two main factors. The first factor is a higher H2S emission rate at the former two sites (stronger total gas emission and higher H2S concentrations). The second factor is the geomorphology of the same two sites that limits the gas exchange with the open atmosphere. In fact, while the fumarolic area of Sousaki is in a narrow ravine and that of Nisyros is within the calderic depression of the island, the fumarolic areas of Milos and Santorini are well exposed to free atmospheric circulation. Nevertheless also the highest measured concentrations, although disconfortable, does not have adverse effects on human health.
    Description: Published
    Description: Bari, Italy
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: Volcanic degassing ; Hydrogen sulphide ; passive samplers ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Sulfur gas monitoring in volcanic/geothermal areas with passive samplers: human health implications (2011)
    Digilabs Pub., Bari, Italy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Volcanic and geothermal areas are one of the major natural sources of sulphur gases to the atmosphere. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a toxic gas mainly associated to geothermal systems while sulphur dioxide (SO2) is released in huge quantities from volcanoes characterized by open conduit activity. Apart from being one of the most impressive geodynamic expressions, volcanoes are also an important tourist attraction. During the summer season the number of tourists visiting the crateric areas each day is on average many tens at Stromboli, hundreds at Vulcano, Santorini and Nisyros and thousands at Etna. Touristic exploitation of active volcanic areas cannot exempt from warranting a reasonable security to the visiting persons. But while many risks in these areas have been since long time considered, gas hazard, a very subtle risk, is often disregarded. The atmospheric concentrations and dispersion pattern of naturally emitted SO2 were measured at three volcanoes of southern Italy (Etna, Vulcano and Stromboli) while that of H2S at four volcanic/geothermal areas of Greece (Sousaki, Milos, Santorini and Nisyros). Measurements were made with a network of passive samplers positioned at about 1.5 m above the ground, which gave time-integrated values for periods from few days to 1 month. Samplers were placed in zones of the volcanoes with high tourist frequentation. Measured concentrations and dispersion pattern depend on the strength of the source (craters, fumaroles), meteorological conditions and geomorphology of the area. At Etna, Vulcano, Stromboli and Nisyros measured concentrations reach values that are absolutely dangerous to people affected by bronchial asthma or lung diseases. But considering that these are average values over periods from few days up to one month, concentrations could have reached much higher peak values dangerous also to healthy people. The present study evidences a peculiar volcanic risk connected to the touristic exploitation of volcanic areas. Such risk is particularly enhanced at Etna where elderly and not perfectly healthy people can easily reach, with cableway and off-road vehicles, areas with dangerous SO2 concentrations.
    Description: Published
    Description: Bari, Italy
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: open
    Keywords: sulphur gases ; passive samplers ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Preliminary gas hazard evaluation in Greece (2013)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Like other geodynamically active areas, Greece is also affected by a large number of geogenic gas manifestations. These occur either in the form of point sources (fumaroles, mofettes, bubbling gases) or as diffuse soil gas emanations. Geogenic sources release huge amounts of gases, which, apart from having important influences on the global climate, could also have a strong impact on human health. Gases have both acute and chronic effects. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulphide are the main gases responsible for acute mortality due to their asphyxiating and/or toxic properties. Methane instead represents a risk for its explosive properties. Gas hazards are often disregarded because in fatal episodes connected to geogenic gases, the cause of death is often not correctly identified. Due to the fact that geodynamically active areas can release geogenic gases for millions of years over wide areas, it is important to realistically estimate potential risks. The present work produced a first catalogue of the geogenic gas manifestations of the whole Greek territory including relevant literature data. A preliminary estimation of the correlated risk has been made for the time period of the last 20 years considering the whole population of Greece. In this period, at least two fatal episodes with a total of three victims are likely due to exposure to geogenic gases (specifically CO2). This would give a risk of 1.3 9 10-8 fatality from geogenic gas manifestations per annum. This value, although probably underestimated, is much lower than most other natural or anthropogenic risks.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1987–2004
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Greece ; gas chemistry ; gas manifestations ; Geogenic gas risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Sulphur-gas concentrations in volcanic and geothermal areas in Italy and Greece: Characterising potential human exposures and risks (2013)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Passive samplers were used to measure the atmospheric concentrations of SO2 naturally emitted at three volcanoes in Italy (Etna, Vulcano and Stromboli) and of H2S naturally emitted at three volcanic/geothermal areas in Greece (Milos, Santorini and Nisyros). The measured concentrations and dispersion patterns varied with the strength of the source (open conduits or fumaroles), the meteorological conditions and the area topography. At Etna, Vulcano and Stromboli, SO2 concentrations reach values that are dangerous to people affected by bronchial asthma or lung diseases (〉1000 μg m−3). H2S values measured at Nisyros also exceed the limit considered safe for the same group of people (〉3000 μg m−3). The data obtained using passive samplers represent time-averaged values over periods from a few days up to 1 month, and hence concentrations probably reached much higher peak values that were potentially also dangerous to healthy people. The present study provides evidence of a peculiar volcanic risk associated with tourist exploitation of active volcanic areas. This risk is particularly high at Mt. Etna, where the elderly and people in less-than-perfect health can easily reach areas with dangerous SO2 concentrations via a cableway and off-road vehicles
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-13
    Description: 4.5. Studi sul degassamento naturale e sui gas petroliferi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Sulphur dioxide ; Hydrogen sulphide ; Volcanic risks ; Gas hazard ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Potentially harmful elements released by volcanic ashes: examples from the Mediterranean area (2017)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-11
    Description: We have performed leaching experiments on the fine (〈 2 mm) particulate sampled in seven active and quiescent volcanic systems in the Mediterranean area. We reacted the particulate both in pure water and in a synthetic gastric solution. The amount of As, Mn, Pb, Ba, U and Ni leached by pure water exceeded the MAC limits for drinking water in all the materials under investigation. We defined a tolerable ash intake index (TAI) to evaluate the impact of ash ingestion, and we find that 0.2 g and 12 g of ingested fine ash from Vesuvius and Vulcano are enough to exceed the safety limits for Pb and As. Six grams of fine ashes from Stromboli are sufficient to overstep the safety limits for As. Based on our mineralogical characterisation of the particulate, we expect that the submillimetric ash fraction, with a higher surface/volume ratio, releases a greater relative amount of trace metals, which are concentrated in the thin surface layer produced by the reaction of the pristine volcanic particles with coexisting volcanic gases. This means that our measurements represent lower bounds to the actual amount of metal released in aqueous solutions by the volcanic ashes from the locations under investigation. Our results place the first constraints on the mobilisation of toxic elements from volcanic ash, which are necessary to assess the associated potential health risk of volcanic areas.
    Description: Published
    Description: 16-28
    Description: 3V. Proprietà dei magmi e dei prodotti vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Ash ; Volcanoes ; Mediterranean ; Trace Metals ; Toxicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER (OA)
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...