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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of real estate finance and economics 12 (1996), S. 179-194 
    ISSN: 1573-045X
    Keywords: mortgage prepayment ; refinancing ; options ; holding period
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract A discrete-time-option pricing model is developed to value a mortgage and its embedded prepayment option when the effective life of the mortgage is a random variable with a probability distribution of known parameters. The model can be applied when the borrower's ex ante expectation of his tenure follows any probability distribution bounded to the left at zero. The Gamma distribution is used to illustrate the model. The pricing model is further applied to determine the conditions under which financially motivated prepayment is optimal. The results show that the certainty model understates the Interest Rate Differential needed to justify prepayment (IRD) for short Expected Holding Period (EHP) borrowers and overstates the IRD for long EHP borrowers. When the EHP is relatively long, the certainty model provides relatively good estimates of IRD during the beginning years of the mortgage life. Under most other conditions, the estimates of the certainty holding period model are biased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of real estate finance and economics 2 (1989), S. 223-232 
    ISSN: 1573-045X
    Keywords: Mortgage commitment ; Put option ; Forward market ; Hedge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract A fixed rate loan commitment that is binding on the lender but not on the loan applicant is equivalent to a put option. This article uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to establish a value for fixed rate loan commitments and to derive the hedge ratio for the lending institution to hedge the interest rate risk associated with the commitments in the FHLMC forward market for mortgages. The effectiveness of the resulting hedge is tested in a simulation, where it is found that the result is a 71% reduction in the variance of the value of the lender's gain or loss associated with the commitment period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of real estate finance and economics 13 (1996), S. 187-202 
    ISSN: 1573-045X
    Keywords: interest-only strips ; principal-only strips ; mortgage-backed securities ; pricing model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Interest-only (IO) and principal-only (PO) mortgage strips are valued in a stochastic interest-rate environment. The prepayment rate of the underlying mortgages is affected by two considerations not present in the “pure” financially rational model: (1) The property owner's holding period is assumed to follow a Gamma distribution, resulting in the possibility of prepayment due to the sale of the property (i.e., prepayment that is “too early” based on market interest rates); and (2) borrowers are assumed to face heterogeneous transaction costs related to refinancing the existing mortgage, and delay refinancing when market conditions make it optimal to do so (refinancing “too late”). Properties of IO/PO strips are identified by the finite difference method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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