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The inheritance and expression of grain texture in wheat, as measured by a microtome procedure (2000)

Labuschagne, M.T. ; van Vuuren, A.

Springer

Euphytica 112 (2000), S. 261-265

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Keywords: grain texture ; microtome ; quality ; wheat

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Although grain texture has been extensively studied, there is still some controversy about its mode of inheritance. The aim of this study was to use a microtome method to determine the inheritance of grain texture. The backcross method was used with a hard, well adapted cultivar, M29519 as recurrent parent, and Edwall, a soft cultivar with good biscuit-making quality, as donor. Segregation ratio's for grain texture were calculated after each backcross. The backcross derivates M29519 (soft) and M29519 (hard) and the donor and recurrent parents were also compared for biscuit-making quality. The microtome method was found to be very effective to determine grain texture. In this study grain softness was determined by a single dominant gene. M29519 (hard) and the recurrent parent did not differ significantly for any quality characteristics. M29519 (hard) and M29519 (soft) differed significantly for seven characteristics associated with biscuit-making quality, and M29519 (soft) produced a significantly larger biscuit diameter than M29519 (hard). M29519 (soft) differed significantly from the donor parent for six of the measured characteristics. Despite this, M29519 (soft) produced a biscuit similar in diameter to that of the donor parent. Therefore, although the transfer of the softness genes into a different genetic background did not transfer all the factors generally associated with good biscuit-making quality, it did produce a biscuit that did not differ significantly from that of the donor.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003908707708

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Analysis of genetic variation in Cucurbita moschata by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (2000)

Gwanama, C. ; Labuschagne, M.T. ; Botha, A.M.

Springer

Euphytica 113 (2000), S. 19-24

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Keywords: cluster analysis ; Cucurbita moschata ; RAPDs ; relatedness analysis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Knowledge of genetic relationships among genotypes is essential for the effective utilisation of germplasm, especially for poorly characterised species. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis provides a quick and reliable method for resolving genetic relationships. Although Cucurbita moschata Duch, also known as tropical pumpkin, is one of the most important vegetable crops in Africa, being adapted to a wide range of climatic and soil conditions, it is a scientifically neglected species. The objectives of this study were to (1) analyse the amount of genetic diversity inC. moschata landraces grown in south-central Africa and (2) classify the landraces to assist in selection of parent genotypes for improvement of fruit characteristics. Cluster analysis, based on 39 polymorphic and 105 monomorphic DNA fragments amplified by 16 primers, was used to show relationships among 31 genotypes obtained from Zambia and Malawi. The analysis revealed four clusters, with genotypes from Malawi mainly clustering in three clusters while all genotypes from Zambia and three from Malawi clustered in one cluster. The pair-wise mean genetic distance was 0.32 ± 0.04 for samples from Malawi and 0.26 ± 0.04 for samples from Zambia. The possible application of the resulting classification in breeding of C. moschata is discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003936019095

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Biscuit-making quality of backcross derivatives of wheat differing in kernel hardness (1997)

Labuschagne, M.T. ; Claassen, A. ; van Deventer, C.S.

Springer

Euphytica 96 (1997), S. 263-266

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Keywords: kernel hardness ; quality ; soft wheat

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Kernel texture in wheat has been found to be directly controlled by one or two major genes. Generally, good biscuit-making wheats are those with soft endosperm texture, lower protein content, more breakflour and a smaller particle size. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the dominant soft endosperm genes on biscuit-making quality. Backcross derivatives were developed with a backcrossing procedure. The backcross derivatives and parents were planted in a randomised block design with six replications. Fourteen quality characteristics were measured. Except for hectolitremass and mixing time, the presence of the soft endosperm genes had a major effect on all characteristics used to predict biscuit-making quality. In the soft backcross derivatives there was a significant decrease in alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC), alveograph stability, alveograph strength, alveograph P/L ratio, flour extraction, and protein content. There was a significant increase in alveograph extensibility, biscuit diameter and breakflour yield. In this study, the presence of the soft endosperm genes was associated with good biscuit-making quality characteristics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003029618430

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