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  • Crystallography, X-Ray  (3)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (3)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-04-09
    Description: Recent studies have unequivocally associated the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene with the risk of obesity. In vitro FTO protein is an AlkB-like DNA/RNA demethylase with a strong preference for 3-methylthymidine (3-meT) in single-stranded DNA or 3-methyluracil (3-meU) in single-stranded RNA. Here we report the crystal structure of FTO in complex with the mononucleotide 3-meT. FTO comprises an amino-terminal AlkB-like domain and a carboxy-terminal domain with a novel fold. Biochemical assays show that these two domains interact with each other, which is required for FTO catalytic activity. In contrast with the structures of other AlkB members, FTO possesses an extra loop covering one side of the conserved jelly-roll motif. Structural comparison shows that this loop selectively competes with the unmethylated strand of the DNA duplex for binding to FTO, suggesting that it has an important role in FTO selection against double-stranded nucleic acids. The ability of FTO to distinguish 3-meT or 3-meU from other nucleotides is conferred by its hydrogen-bonding interaction with the two carbonyl oxygen atoms in 3-meT or 3-meU. Taken together, these results provide a structural basis for understanding FTO substrate-specificity, and serve as a foundation for the rational design of FTO inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Han, Zhifu -- Niu, Tianhui -- Chang, Junbiao -- Lei, Xiaoguang -- Zhao, Mingyan -- Wang, Qiang -- Cheng, Wei -- Wang, Jinjing -- Feng, Yi -- Chai, Jijie -- England -- Nature. 2010 Apr 22;464(7292):1205-9. doi: 10.1038/nature08921. Epub 2010 Apr 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Biological Sciences, No. 7 Science Park Road, Beijing 102206, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20376003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Biocatalysis ; Catalytic Domain ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA, Single-Stranded/chemistry/metabolism ; Humans ; Methylation ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA/chemistry/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Thymidine/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism ; Uracil/analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-06-15
    Description: Brassinosteroids are essential phytohormones that have crucial roles in plant growth and development. Perception of brassinosteroids requires an active complex of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) and BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1). Recognized by the extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of BRI1, brassinosteroids induce a phosphorylation-mediated cascade to regulate gene expression. Here we present the crystal structures of BRI1(LRR) in free and brassinolide-bound forms. BRI1(LRR) exists as a monomer in crystals and solution independent of brassinolide. It comprises a helical solenoid structure that accommodates a separate insertion domain at its concave surface. Sandwiched between them, brassinolide binds to a hydrophobicity-dominating surface groove on BRI1(LRR). Brassinolide recognition by BRI1(LRR) is through an induced-fit mechanism involving stabilization of two interdomain loops that creates a pronounced non-polar surface groove for the hormone binding. Together, our results define the molecular mechanisms by which BRI1 recognizes brassinosteroids and provide insight into brassinosteroid-induced BRI1 activation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019668/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019668/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉She, Ji -- Han, Zhifu -- Kim, Tae-Wuk -- Wang, Jinjing -- Cheng, Wei -- Chang, Junbiao -- Shi, Shuai -- Wang, Jiawei -- Yang, Maojun -- Wang, Zhi-Yong -- Chai, Jijie -- R01 GM066258/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM066258/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jun 12;474(7352):472-6. doi: 10.1038/nature10178.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Key Laboratory for Protein Sciences of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21666666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Brassinosteroids ; Cholestanols/chemistry/*metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Enzyme Activation ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Binding ; Protein Folding ; Protein Kinases/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Steroids, Heterocyclic/chemistry/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-08-27
    Description: Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a disulfated pentapeptide that has a ubiquitous role in plant growth and development. PSK is perceived by its receptor PSKR, a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase (LRR-RK). The mechanisms underlying the recognition of PSK, the activation of PSKR and the identity of the components downstream of the initial binding remain elusive. Here we report the crystal structures of the extracellular LRR domain of PSKR in free, PSK- and co-receptor-bound forms. The structures reveal that PSK interacts mainly with a beta-strand from the island domain of PSKR, forming an anti-beta-sheet. The two sulfate moieties of PSK interact directly with PSKR, sensitizing PSKR recognition of PSK. Supported by biochemical, structural and genetic evidence, PSK binding enhances PSKR heterodimerization with the somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases (SERKs). However, PSK is not directly involved in PSKR-SERK interaction but stabilizes PSKR island domain for recruitment of a SERK. Our data reveal the structural basis for PSKR recognition of PSK and allosteric activation of PSKR by PSK, opening up new avenues for the design of PSKR-specific small molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Jizong -- Li, Hongju -- Han, Zhifu -- Zhang, Heqiao -- Wang, Tong -- Lin, Guangzhong -- Chang, Junbiao -- Yang, Weicai -- Chai, Jijie -- England -- Nature. 2015 Sep 10;525(7568):265-8. doi: 10.1038/nature14858. Epub 2015 Aug 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. ; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26308901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation/drug effects ; Arabidopsis/*chemistry ; Arabidopsis Proteins/*agonists/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation/genetics ; Peptide Hormones/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Plant Growth Regulators/*chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinases/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Multimerization/drug effects ; Protein Stability ; Protein Structure, Secondary/drug effects ; Protein Structure, Tertiary/drug effects ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*agonists/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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