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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 36 Ky record of iceberg rafting and sedimentation from north-west Iceland (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 21 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Evidence from north-west Iceland's shelf and fjords is used to develop a scenario for environmental change during the last 36 cal Ky. The retreat history of the Iceland Ice Cap during the last deglaciation is delineated through lithofacies studies, carbon analyses and magnetic susceptibility, and studies of ice-rafted debris (IRD) in sediment cores. Sedimentological data from lake Efstadalsvatn, Vestfirdir peninsula, trace the glacier retreat on land. In two of the high resolution shelf cores we detect near continuous IRD accumulation from 36 to 11 cal Kya. However, IRD is absent in the cores from ca. 22 to 19 cal Kya, possibly indicating more extensive landfast sea ice conditions. All cores show intensified IRD during the Younger Dryas chronozone; the fjord cores show a continuous IRD record until 10 cal Kya. Magnetic susceptibility and carbon analyses from Efstadalsvatn reveal the disappearance of local ice in the basin just before 10.5 cal Kya. No IRD was detected in the sediment cores during 10 to Ø4 cal Kya. Some indication of cooling occurs between 4 and 3 cal Kya, with a fresh input of IRD in fjord cores after 1 cal Kya.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2002.tb00083.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review of studies of the earliest glaciation of Iceland (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Terra nova 8 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Glaciers and volcanoes have been the trademark of Iceland for centuries. The glaciers now cover ≅10% of the country and the volcanic regions are covered by lava flows every 5–10 kyr on average. Naturalists have concentrated on these two aspects, making notes on volcanic eruptions and traveling along the glacier margins ever since the first settlement of Iceland in the ninth century in some of the earliest episodes of geological research. Systematic studies of the glaciers began in the latter half of the 18th century. Even earlier, features such as striations and moraines were discovered and described in locations remote from the contemporary glacier margins. These features were interpreted as the effect of a much more extensive ice sheet on the island. At the beginning of the 20th century the discussion of the origin of sediments was unseparable from the age problem. From 1910 to 1950 very few new data were presented on the glaciation history of Iceland. A few sporadic publications either accepted or rejected previous conclusions. Systematic geological mapping of the country started in the wake of World War II encouraged by the acceptance of the plate tectonic theory in the late sixties. One of the most important results of this revived mapping effort was the identification of interbedded sediments interpreted as glacial deposits. Around 1975 Iceland was known in the geological literature for preserving more numerous glacial deposits than found elsewhere on land in the northern hemisphere. Over the last few years, systematic lithofacies analysis of sediments interbedded within lava flows has been conducted with the aim of delineating the earliest glaciation of Iceland and the periodicity of glaciation through the Tertiary and Quaternary. The results show a gradual growth of ice from south-east towards the north and west during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition interrupted by periods of recessions and intermittent ice-free conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1996.tb00765.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Quaternary ice extent and glacial history from the Djúpáll trough, off Vestfirdir peninsula, north-west Iceland: a stacked 36 cal. Ky environmental record (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 21 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Djúpáll is a Ø90 km long by 15 km wide trough which extends from Ísafjardardjúp to the shelf break above Blosseville Basin, north of the Denmark Strait. We present 3.5 kHz seismic profiles from this trough and data from cores collected in 1996 (JM96-1232 and −1234) and five cores collected on cruise B997. We pay particular attention to B997-338 as this core recovered sediments ranging in age between 12 and 36 cal. Ky BP. This is the first such record from the Iceland continental shelf. Dating control is provided by AMS 14C dates and the occurrence of the Saksunarvatn tephra. X-radiographs of the cores enable us to quantify the input of iceberg-rafted detritus (IRD) and to describe the lithofacies. The sediment matrix is fine-grained and might represent either rain-out of suspended sediment plumes or distal turbidites. IRD is present from ca. 12 cal. Ky BP throughout the next 24 cal. Ky with some IRD-free intervals. Using sediment magnetic properties, sampled at 1 cm (ø100 yrs/sample) resolution, we provide a stacked environmental record which includes marine isotope stages 1, 2 and part of 3. The sediment magnetic properties kARM and IRM(60), and carbonate and TOC, show multi-millennia quasi-periodic cycles, but there are no obvious events coeval with the North Atlantic Heinrich events. Our data indicate that at the Last Glacial Maximum on the Vestfirdir peninsula (VP), north-west Iceland, ice did not reach the shelf break, but was probably grounded near the mouth of Ísafjardardjúp. A rapid increase in the rate of sediment accumulation suggests that deglaciation of the VP occurred mainly between 11 and 15 cal. Ky BP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2002.tb00074.x
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