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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of sulphur uptake by oilseed rape and the soil sulphur status of two adjacent fields with different soil series (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 10 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. At Woburn Experimental Farm (SE central England) sulphur (S) deficiency symptoms occurred in a winter oilseed rape crop grown in Lansome field on soil of the Cottenham series, but not on the Blithe series soil in the adjacent Mill Dam Close field. At maturity, the two crops produced a similar amount of dry matter but seed yield and harvest index were significantly less in Lansome. Total S uptake of the crop in Lansome was less than half of that in Mill Dam Close, which was similar to the amount normally found in a S sufficient crop. Both soils are of light texture (loamy sand and sandy clay loam for the Cottenham and Blithe series, respectively), and there was little difference in the extractable S concentration in the topsoils between the two fields. However, more extractable S was found in the subsoil of Blithe series, because it contains more free Fe and Al oxides and has a lower pH. These results show that any evaluation of the soil S supply needs to take into account the pool of available S in the subsoil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1994.tb00457.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance and mapping of a restorer gene for the rapeseed cytoplasmic male sterile line 681A (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A novel cytoplasmic male sterility-fertility restoration system has been developed in rapeseed (Brassica napus). The cytoplasmic male sterile line 681A was derived from a spontaneous male sterile mutant in a newly released double-low rapeseed cultivar ‘Xiangyou 13′. The restorer line 714R was identified in the interspecific progeny from a B. napus×B. juncea-cross. Genetic analysis showed that fertility restoration for 681A cytoplasmic male sterility was controlled by a single dominant nuclear gene which might originate from B. juncea. The RAPD marker S1039-520 was found to be linked to the restorer gene in F2 progeny of 681A × 714R with a recombination frequency of 5.45%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01048.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubility of zinc and interactions between zinc and phosphorus in the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The relationship between Zn and P in the Zn hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens J. & C. Presl was investigated using hydroponic culture. Total concentrations of Zn in the shoots increased from 0·2 to 27 g kg–1 dry mass when solution Zn increased from 1 to 1000 mmol m–3. Water-soluble Zn accounted for 〉 80% of the total Zn in the shoots containing 〉 5 g Zn kg–1 dry mass. Total P was maintained at about 3 g kg–1 dry mass in the shoots containing 〈 20 g Zn kg–1 dry mass, but significantly decreased with higher Zn concentrations. Linear regression between insoluble P and insoluble Zn in the shoots produced a small slope, suggesting that co-precipitation of Zn and P was not an important detoxification mechanism in the shoots. In contrast, there was a strong correlation between insoluble P and insoluble Zn in the roots, with a linear slope of 0·3 — close to the P:Zn ratio in Zn3(PO4)2. Foliar sprays of phosphate did not affect shoot dry mass significantly, but decreased root length and root dry mass significantly at Zn concentrations in solution from 10 to 3000 mmol m–3. Foliar P was translocated to roots to enhance co-precipitation of Zn and P, although this did not enhance Zn tolerance. The results suggest that T.caerulescens possesses mechanisms which allow it to accumulate and sequester huge amounts of Zn in the shoots without causing P deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00270.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulphur accumulation and redistribution in wheat (Triticum aestivum): a study using stable sulphur isotope ratios as a tracer system (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Wheat plants were grown hydroponically and fed with two sulphate sources differing in stable isotope composition, one having a δ34S of 13·7‰ and the other 4·1‰. Plant sulphur (S) isotope ratios were determined using an on-line continuous flow-isotope ratio mass spectrometer. This method greatly simplified the procedure for the measurement of S isotope ratios, and was found to be precise for samples containing 〉 1 mg S g–1 dry weight. The δ34S values of plant shoots, which had been grown on a single sulphate source, were very close to the source values, suggesting little isotope fractionation during sulphate uptake and transport from roots to shoots. By changing the sulphate sources at different growth stages, it was possible to estimate S accumulation and redistribution within different plant parts. At maturity, wheat grain derived 14, 30, 6 and 50% of its S from the accumulation during the following successive growth stages: between emergence and early stem extension, between stem extension and flag leaf emergence, between flag leaf emergence and anthesis, and after anthesis, respectively. It was estimated that 39, 32 and 52% of the S present in the flag leaves, older leaves and stems, respectively, at anthesis, was exported during the postanthesis period. These results demonstrate considerable cycling of S within wheat plants, and highlight the importance of S uptake after anthesis to the accumulation of S in grain under the experimental conditions employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00445.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake and transport of zinc in the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens and the non-hyperaccumulator Thlaspi ochroleucum (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Growth and zinc uptake of the hyperaccumulator species Thlaspi caerulescens J. & C. Presl and the non-hyperaccumulator species Thlaspi ochroleucum Boiss. & Heldr. were compared in solution culture experiments. T. caerulescens was able to tolerate 500 mmol m−3 (32.5 g m−3) Zn in solution without growth reduction, and up to 1000 mmol m−3 (65 g m−3) Zn without showing visible toxic symptoms but with a 25% decrease in dry matter (DM) yield. Up to 28 g kg−1 of Zn in shoot DM was obtained in healthy plants of T. caerulescens. In contrast, T. ochroleucum suffered severe phytotoxicity at 500 mmol m−3 Zn. Marked differences were shown in Zn uptake, distribution and redistribution between the two species. T. caerulescens had much higher concentrations of Zn in the shoots, whereas T. ochroleucum accumulated higher concentrations of Zn in the roots. When an external supply of 500 mmol m−3 Zn was withheld, 89% of the Zn accumulated previously in the roots of T. caerulescens was transported to the shoots over a 33 d period, whereas in T. ochroleucum only 32% was transported. T. caerulescens was shown to have a greater internal requirement for Zn than other plants. Increasing the supply of Zn from 1 to 10 mmol m−3 gave a 19% increase in the total DM of this species. liven the shoots from the 1 mmol m−3 Zn treatment which showed Zn deficiency contained 10 times greater Zn concentrations than the widely reported critical value for Zn deficiency to occur in many other plant species. The results obtained suggest that strongly expressed constitutive sequestration mechanisms exist in the hyperaccumulator T. caerulescens, which detoxify the large amount of Zn present in shoot tissues and decrease its physiological availability in the cytosol. Both T. caerulescens and T. ochroleucum had constitutively high concentrations of malate in shoots, which were little affected by different Zn treatments. Although malate may play a role in Zn chelation because of the high concentrations present, it cannot explain the species specificity of Zn tolerance and hyperaccumulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-134.x
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  • 6
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    Microstructure evolution of CLAM steel during creep at 923K (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-06
    Description: The microstructure change of CLAM steel during creep testing process was investigated at the temperature of 923K with different stress. The results show that the fragmentation and polygonization of martensite lath, as well as the degeneration of dislocation structure are the main factors to deteriorate the creep performance. The stability of MX precipitates in CLAM steel during high temperature creep is good, but the amount and size of M23C6 precipitates are increased. The Laves phase was not found in all samples, which may be due to the experimental temperature is close to the dissolution temperature of Laves phase. The higher temperature accelerates the microstructure evolution of CLAM steel, which results in the degradation of creep properties.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 7
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    Effect of Fe 2 O 3 addition on microstructure and dielectric properties of PbO-SrO-Na 2 O-Nb 2 O 5 -SiO 2 glass ceramic (2017)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-30
    Description: Glass ceramic with the addition of 0-2.0 mol% Fe 2 O 3 were synthesized by cast quenching followed by controlled crystallization, and the effect of Fe 2 O 3 addition on the microstructure and dielectric properties of PbO-SrO-Na 2 O-Nb 2 O 5 -SiO 2 (PSNNS) glass ceramic were investigated. DTA measurements revealed that the crystallization temperature of (Pb,Sr)Nb 2 O 6 can be decreased by adding Fe 2 O 3 , meanwhile, the grain sizes of PSNNS glass ceramic increase with the increasing amount of additives. Dielectric properties of PSNNS glass ceramic were obviously affected by Fe 2 O 3 addition. With 1.5 mol% Fe 2 O 3 addition, the dielectric constant increased from 720 to 917, the dielectric loss increased from 0.012 to 0.0124. The PSNNS glass ceramic with 1.5% Fe 2 O 3 addition show great promise for high voltage ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 8
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    Study on precise positioning and construction of improved varieties of forest seed base (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-31
    Description: In this paper, the cultivars of Pinus koraiensis and Japanese larch varieties in Liaoning Province were studied. Aiming to solve the problem of data update difficulty and lack of information management, the Kriging interpolation method and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and GPS technology positioning method were used for fine positioning of the improved varieties of forest seed base. Using linear comparison and distributed comparison method for accuracy assessment, 100 Pinus koraiensises were sampled by liner comparison method among which 10 were selected to be tested by distribution comparison method. With the help of the high density total station, the samples were measured and analyzed by the coordination. It showed the positioning accuracy was less than 1m, which met the need of the production of the forest seed base. On this basis, the tree seed production management information base database was established and the database structure design and structure design was made. T...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 9
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    Coupled DEM-CFD Investigation of Granular Transport in a Fluid Channel (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-10
    Description: This paper presents three dimensional numerical investigations of granular transport in fluids, analysed by the Discrete Element Method (DEM) coupled with Computational Fluid Mechanics (CFD). By employing this model, the relevance of flow velocity and granular depositional morphology has been clarified. The larger the flow velocity is, the further distance the grains can be transported to. In this process, the segregation of solid grains has been clearly identified. This research reveals that coarse grains normally accumulate near the grain source region, while the fine grains can be transported to the flow front. Regardless of the different flow velocities used in these simulations, the intensity of grains segregation remains almost unchanged. The results obtained from the DEM-CFD coupled simulations can reasonably explain the grain transport process occurred in natural environments, such as river scouring, evolution of river/ocean floor, deserts and submarine landslides.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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