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  • Brain Mapping  (6)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (6)
  • Wiley
  • 1
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    Mnemonic function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in conflict-induced behavioral adjustment (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-27
    Description: Our cognitive abilities in performing tasks are influenced by experienced competition/conflict between behavioral choices. To determine the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the conflict detection-resolution process, we conducted complementary lesion and single-cell recording studies in monkeys that were resolving a conflict between two rules. We observed conflict-induced behavioral adjustment that persisted after lesions within the ACC but disappeared after lesions within the DLPFC. In the DLPFC, activity was modulated in some cells by the current conflict level and in other cells by the conflict experienced in the previous trial. These results show that the DLPFC, but not the ACC, is essential for the conflict-induced behavioral adjustment and suggest that encoding and maintenance of information about experienced conflict is mediated by the DLPFC.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mansouri, Farshad A -- Buckley, Mark J -- Tanaka, Keiji -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Nov 9;318(5852):987-90. Epub 2007 Oct 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. farshad@postman.riken.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Brain Mapping ; *Conflict (Psychology) ; Electrophysiology ; Gyrus Cinguli/*physiology/physiopathology/surgery ; Macaca ; Macaca mulatta ; Memory/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology/physiopathology/surgery ; Psychomotor Performance ; Reaction Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Attention but not awareness modulates the BOLD signal in the human V1 during binocular suppression (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: Although recent psychophysical studies indicate that visual awareness and top-down attention are two distinct processes, it is not clear how they are neurally dissociated in the visual system. Using a two-by-two factorial functional magnetic resonance imaging design with binocular suppression, we found that the visibility or invisibility of a visual target led to only nonsignificant blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effects in the human primary visual cortex (V1). Directing attention toward and away from the target had much larger and robust effects across all study participants. The difference in the lower-level limit of BOLD activation between attention and awareness illustrates dissociated neural correlates of the two processes. Our results agree with previously reported V1 BOLD effects on attention, while they invite a reconsideration of the functional role of V1 in visual awareness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watanabe, Masataka -- Cheng, Kang -- Murayama, Yusuke -- Ueno, Kenichi -- Asamizuya, Takeshi -- Tanaka, Keiji -- Logothetis, Nikos -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):829-31. doi: 10.1126/science.1203161.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. watanabe@tuebingen.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22076381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Attention ; *Awareness ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Oxygen/blood ; Photic Stimulation ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Neuronal correlates of goal-based motor selection in the prefrontal cortex (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-07-12
    Description: Choosing an action that leads to a desired goal requires an understanding of the linkages between actions and their outcomes. We investigated neural mechanisms of such goal-based action selection. We trained monkeys on a task in which the relation between visual cues, action types, and reward conditions changed regularly, such that the monkeys selected their actions based on anticipated reward conditions. A significant number of neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex were activated, after cue presentation and before motor execution, only by particular action-reward combinations. This prefrontal activity is likely to underlie goal-based action selection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsumoto, Kenji -- Suzuki, Wataru -- Tanaka, Keiji -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jul 11;301(5630):229-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. matsumot@postman.riken.go.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12855813" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Cues ; Decision Making ; *Goals ; Haplorhini ; *Learning ; Memory/physiology ; Neurons/*physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; Psychomotor Performance ; *Reward
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Neuroscience. Conflict and cognitive control (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsumoto, Kenji -- Tanaka, Keiji -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Feb 13;303(5660):969-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. matsumot@riken.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14963319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain Mapping ; *Cognition ; *Conflict (Psychology) ; Cues ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Gyrus Cinguli/*physiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurons/physiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; Reaction Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Dissociable components of rule-guided behavior depend on distinct medial and prefrontal regions (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-04
    Description: Much of our behavior is guided by rules. Although human prefrontal cortex (PFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are implicated in implementing rule-guided behavior, the crucial contributions made by different regions within these areas are not yet specified. In an attempt to bridge human neuropsychology and nonhuman primate neurophysiology, we report the effects of circumscribed lesions to macaque orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), principal sulcus (PS), superior dorsolateral PFC, ventrolateral PFC, or ACC sulcus, on separable cognitive components of a Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) analog. Only the PS lesions impaired maintenance of abstract rules in working memory; only the OFC lesions impaired rapid reward-based updating of representations of rule value; the ACC sulcus lesions impaired active reference to the value of recent choice-outcomes during rule-based decision-making.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buckley, Mark J -- Mansouri, Farshad A -- Hoda, Hassan -- Mahboubi, Majid -- Browning, Philip G F -- Kwok, Sze C -- Phillips, Adam -- Tanaka, Keiji -- G0300817/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jul 3;325(5936):52-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1172377.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK. buckley@psy.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19574382" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Behavior, Animal ; Brain Mapping ; Cues ; *Decision Making ; Frontal Lobe/physiology ; *Learning ; Macaca ; Macaca mulatta ; Memory, Short-Term ; Neurons/physiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Reward
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    The neural basis of intuitive best next-move generation in board game experts (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-22
    Description: The superior capability of cognitive experts largely depends on quick automatic processes. To reveal their neural bases, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activity of professional and amateur players in a board game named shogi. We found two activations specific to professionals: one in the precuneus of the parietal lobe during perception of board patterns, and the other in the caudate nucleus of the basal ganglia during quick generation of the best next move. Activities at these two sites covaried in relevant tasks. These results suggest that the precuneus-caudate circuit implements the automatic, yet complicated, processes of board-pattern perception and next-move generation in board game experts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wan, Xiaohong -- Nakatani, Hironori -- Ueno, Kenichi -- Asamizuya, Takeshi -- Cheng, Kang -- Tanaka, Keiji -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jan 21;331(6015):341-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1194732.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21252348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Humans ; *Intuition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Memory ; Neural Pathways ; Parietal Lobe/*physiology ; Perception ; *Play and Playthings ; Psychomotor Performance ; Reaction Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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