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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of polyelectrolyte solutions. An empirical extension of the manning theory to finite salt concentrations (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 223-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The range of application of the Manning theory of polyelectrolyte solutions (J. Chem. Phys., 51, 924 (1969)) is extended to finite concentrations of simple electrolyte by the empirical superposition of excess free energies arising from (i) interactions between mobile ions and polyions and (ii) mutual interactions between mobile ions. A comparison of published results with the modified theory shows excellent agreement over a wide range of concentrations. Results for a polyelectrolyte of low charge density suggest that the effective inter-charge spacing may be less than that of the fully extended polyion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrothermal study of carbon loaded ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer (1981)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 21 (1981), S. 809-815 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Temperature dependence of resistance of carbon black loaded ethylene-vinylacetate (EVA) copolymer was studied from -100 to 250°C in a modified differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) apparatus. Both room temperature resistivity and positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) effects can be correlated with carbon black parameters (structure, surface area, porosity). Room temperature resistivity and the degree of increase of resistivity, (ratio of maximum to minimum) progressively decrease with carbon black structure if occlusion of polymer by carbon black is considered in calculating the volume fraction. An integrated surface areastructure-porosity equivalence of the carbon black is derived by introducing factors proportional to the volume and porosity of the black used. Any black parameter that increases conductivity (loading, surface area, structure, porosity) decreases the PTC effect. A cable compounder can therefore minimize the undesirable impact of PTC by suitable choice of black-parameters. The necessary considerations for other uses, where PTC effect is used for microswitches, heaters, etc., will be just the opposite. The modified DSC method provides a quick scanning tool for determining the suitability of semicrystalline polymer recipes, either for cable or for any other material using the PTC effect.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760211302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant and atmospheric transformation products of 2-butanol and 2-pentanol (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 30 (1998), S. 745-752 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relative rate technique has been used to measure the hydroxyl radical (OH) reaction rate constant of +2-butanol (2BU, CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3) and 2-pentanol (2PE, CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3). 2BU and 2PE react with OH yielding bimolecular rate constants of (8.1±2.0)×10-12 cm3molecule-1s-1 and (11.9±3.0)×10-12 cm3molecule-1s-1, respectively, at 297±3 K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. Both 2BU and 2PE OH rate constants reported here are in agreement with previously reported values [1-4]. In order to more clearly define these alcohols' atmospheric reaction mechanisms, an investigation into the OH+alcohol reaction products was also conducted. The OH+2BU reaction products and yields observed were: methyl ethyl ketone (MEK, (60±2)%, CH3CH2C((DOUBLEBOND)O)CH3) and acetaldehyde ((29±4)% HC((DOUBLEBOND)O)CH3). The OH+2PE reaction products and yields observed were: 2-pentanone (2PO, (41±4)%, CH3C((DOUBLEBOND)O)CH2CH2CH3), propionaldehyde ((14±2)% HC((DOUBLEBOND)O)CH2CH3), and acetaldehyde ((40±4)%, HC((DOUBLEBOND)O)CH3). The alcohols' reaction mechanisms are discussed in light of current understanding of oxygenated hydrocarbon atmospheric chemistry. Labeled (18O) 2BU/OH reactions were conducted to investigate 2BU's atmospheric transformation mechanism details. The findings reported here can be related to other structurally similar alcohols and may impact regulatory tools such as ground level ozone-forming potential calculations (incremental reactivity) [5]. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 30: 745-752, 1998
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant and products of ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 29 (1997), S. 637-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relative rate technique has been used to measure the hydroxyl radical (OH) reaction rate constant of ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP, CH3CH2(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH2C(O)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH3). EEP reacts with OH with a bimolecular rate constant of (22.9±7.4)×10-12 cm3 molecule-1s-1 at 297±3 K and 1 atmosphere total pressure. In order to more clearly define EEP's atmospheric reaction mechanism, an investigation into the OH+EEP reaction products was also conducted. The OH+EEP reaction products and yields observed were: ethyl glyoxate (EG, 25±1% HC((DOUBLE BOND)O)C((DOUBLE BOND)O)(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH3), ethyl (2-formyl) acetate (EFA, 4.86±0.2%, HC((DOUBLE BOND)O)(SINGLE BOND)CH2(SINGLE BOND)C((DOUBLE BOND)O)(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH3), ethyl (3-formyloxy) propionate (EFP, 30±1%, HC((DOUBLE BOND)O)(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH2(SINGLE BOND)C((DOUBLE BOND)O)(SINGLE BOND)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH3), ethyl formate (EF, 37±1%, HC((DOUBLE BOND)O)O(SINGLE BOND)CH2CH3), and acetaldehyde (4.9±0.2%, HC((DOUBLE BOND)O)CH3). Neither the EEP's OH rate constant nor the OH/EEP reaction products have been previously reported. The products' formation pathways are discussed in light of current understanding of oxygenated hydrocarbon atmospheric chemistry. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic study of the reaction of OH with HCl from 240-1055 K (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 17 (1985), S. 1281-1297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Absolute rate coefficients for the reaction of OH with HCl (k1) have been measured as a function of temperature over the range 240-1055 K. OH was produced by flash photolysis of H2O at λ 〉 165 nm, 266 nm laser photolysis of O3/H2O mixtures, or 266 nm laser photolysis of H2O2. OH was monitored by time-resolved resonance fluorescenceor pulsed laser-induced fluorescence. In many experiments the HCl concentration was measured in situ in the slow flow reactor by UV photometry. Over the temperature range 240-363 K the following Arrhenius expression is an adequate representation of the data: k1 = (2.4 ± 0.2) × 10-12 exp[-(327 ± 28)/T]cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Over the wider temperature range 240-1055 K, the temperature dependence of k1 deviates from the Arrhenius form, but is adequately described by the expression k1 = 4.5 × 10-17 T1.65 exp(112/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The error in a calculated rate coefficient at any temperature is 20%.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550171206
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hydroxyl radical reaction rate constants and atmospheric reaction products of three siloxanes (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 29 (1997), S. 445-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relative rate technique has been used to measure the hydroxyl radical (OH) reaction rate constant of hexamethyldisiloxane (MM, (CH3)3Si-O-Si(CH3)3), octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM, (CH3)3Si-O-Si(CH3)2-O-Si(CH3)3), and decamethyltetrasiloxane (MD2M, (CH3)3Si-O-Si(CH3)2-O-Si(CH3)2-O-Si(Ch3)3). Hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, and decamethyltetrasiloxane react with OH with bimolecular rate constants of 1.32 ± 0.05 × 10-12 cm3molecule-1s-1, 1.83 ± 0.09 × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1s-1, and 2.66 ± 0.13 × 10-12 cm3molecule-1s-1, respectively. Investigation of the OH + siloxane reaction products yielded trimethylsilanol, pentamethyldisiloxanol, heptamethyltetrasiloxanol, hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and other compounds. Several of these products have not been reported before because these siloxanes and the proposed reaction mechanisms yielding these products are complicated. Some unusual cyclic siloxane products were observed and their formation pathways are discussed in light of current understanding of siloxane atmospheric chemistry. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 29: 445-451, 1997.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The products of the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with 2-ethoxyethyl acetate (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 28 (1996), S. 475-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The gas-phase reaction products of the OH radical with 2-ethoxyethyl acetate (EEA, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2OCH2CH3) have been investigated. 1,2-Ethanediol acetate formate (EAF, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2OC(O)H) and ethyl formate (EF, HC(O)OCH2CH3) were identified as the two main products. A third product, ethylene glycol diacetate (EGD, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2OC(O)CH3), was also observed. EAF, EF, and EGD formation yields were determined to be 0.37 ± 0.03 and 0.328 ± 0.018 and 0.040 ± 0.005, respectively. Proposed reaction mechanisms are discussed and compared with these data. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.1
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  • 8
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    Inheritance of Reaction to Two Forms of Root‐Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita and M. incognita var. acrita, in Korean Lespedeza 1 (1954)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1954-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-1962
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0645
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 9
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    Predicting Nitrogen Availability to Rice: I. Comparison of Methods for Determining Available Nitrogen to Rice from Field and Reservoir Soils (1967)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1967-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0361-5995
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0661
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Sediment-rich meltwater plumes and ice-proximal fans at the margins of modern and ancient tidewater glaciers: Observations and modelling (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-15
    Description: Turbid meltwater plumes and ice-proximal fans occur where subglacial streams reach the grounded marine margins of modern and ancient tidewater glaciers. However, the spacing and temporal stability of these subglacial channels is poorly understood. This has significant implications for understanding the geometry and distribution of Quaternary and ancient ice-proximal fans that can form important aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs. Remote-sensing and numerical-modelling techniques are applied to the 200 km long marine margin of a Svalbard ice cap, Austfonna, to quantify turbid meltwater-plume distribution and predict its temporal stability. Results are combined with observations from geophysical data close to the modern ice front to refine existing depositional models for ice-proximal fans. Plumes are spaced about 3 km apart and their distribution along the ice front is stable over decades. Numerical modelling also predicts the drainage pattern and meltwater discharge beneath the ice cap; modelled water-routing patterns are in reasonable agreement with satellite-mapped plume locations. However, glacial retreat of several kilometres over the past 40 years has limited build-up of significant ice-proximal fans. A single fan and moraine ridge is noted from marine-geophysical surveys. Closer to the ice front there are smaller recessional moraines and polygonal sediment lobes but no identifiable fans. Schematic models of ice-proximal deposits represent varying glacier-terminus stability: (i) stable terminus where meltwater sedimentation produces an ice-proximal fan; (ii) quasi-stable terminus, where glacier readvance pushes or thrusts up ice-proximal deposits into a morainal bank; and (iii) retreating terminus, with short still-stands, allowing only small sediment lobes to build up at melt-stream portals. These modern investigations are complemented with outcrop and subsurface observations and numerical modelling of an ancient, Ordovician glacial system. Thick turbidite successions and large fans in the Late Ordovician suggest either high-magnitude events or sustained high discharge, consistent with a relatively mild palaeo-glacial setting for the former North African ice sheet. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0037-0746
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-3091
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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