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  • 1975-1979  (4)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A heated-element, skin-friction gage employing a very low thermal conductivity support is described. It is shown that the effective dimension of the gage in the stream direction in only 0.06 mm, including the effects of heat conduction in the supporting material. Because of its small size, the calibration of the gage is independent of the kind of boundary-layer flow (whether laminar or turbulent) and is insensitive to pressure gradients. Construction tolerances can be maintained so that a single universal calibration can be applied. Multiple gages, sufficiently closely spaced so as to interfere with each other, are shown to provide accurate determinations of the locations of the points of boundary-layer separation and reattachment.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TM-X-62465 , A-6159
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Experimental values of wall pressure and skin friction have been obtained for Mach numbers from 1.32 to 1.48 and for Reynolds numbers from 8.5 x 10 to the 6th to 225 x 10 to the 6th. Increasing the Mach number reduces the wall shear and promotes incipient separation. Reynolds number variations have little effect except at the lowest value where the flow abruptly approaches separation. Comparisons are made with solutions to the time-dependent, Reynolds-averaged, Navier-Stokes equations incorporating a two-equation, Wilcox-Rubesin turbulence model. The computations are in agreement with the experimental results. Additional numerical results indicated that the wind-tunnel walls constrained the flow and suppressed the formation of a separation bubble at the shock wave.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 79-1502 , American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Conference; Jul 23, 1979 - Jul 25, 1979; Williamsburg, VA
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Experimental results, including surveys of the mean and fluctuating flow, and measurements of surface pressure, skin friction, and separation length, are compared with solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations utilizing various algebraic eddy viscosity models to describe the Reynolds shear stresses. The experimental data, obtained at a free-stream Mach number of 1.5 and Reynolds numbers between 10 million and 80 million, show that a separated zone forms near the foot of the shock and that its length is proportional to the initial boundary-layer thickness; that a supersonic region forms downstream of the shock; and that the shear stress increases significantly through the interaction and subsequently decays downstream. The computations adequately represent the qualitative features of the flow field throughout the interaction but quantitatively underpredict the extent of separation and the downstream level of skin friction.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 76-161 , Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 26, 1976 - Jan 28, 1976; Washington, DC
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A heated-element skin-friction gage employing a very low thermal-conductivity support is described. It is shown that the effective dimension of the gage in the stream direction is only 0.06 mm, including the effects of heat conduction in the supporting material. Because of its small size, the calibration of the gage is independent of the kind of boundary-layer flow (whether laminar or turbulent) and is insensitive to pressure gradients. Construction tolerances can be maintained so that a single universal calibration can be applied. Multiple gages, sufficiently closely spaced so as to interfere with each other, are shown to provide accurate determinations of the location of the points of boundary-layer separation and reattachment.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: ICIASF ''75; International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities; Sep 22, 1975 - Sep 24, 1975; Ottawa; Canada
    Format: text
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