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  • 1
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    A new real-time non-coherent to coherent light image converter - The hybrid field effect liquid crystal light valve (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A new, high-performance device has been developed for application to real-time coherent optical data processing. The new device embodies a CdS photoconductor, a CdTe light-absorbing layer, a dielectric mirror, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between indium-tin-oxide transparent electrodes deposited on optical quality glass flats. The noncoherent image is directed onto the photoconductor; this reduces the impedance of the photoconductor, thereby switching the ac voltage that is impressed across the electrodes onto the liquid crystal to activate the device. The liquid crystal is operated in a hybrid field effect mode. It utilizes the twisted nematic effect to create a dark off-state and the optical birefringence effect to create the bright on-state. The liquid crystal modulates the polarization of the coherent read-out light so an analyzer must be used to create an intensity modulated output beam.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Optical Engineering; 14; May-June
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Hand-held spectral radiometer to estimate gramineous biomass (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A simple hand-held instrument has been designed and constructed to nondestructively estimate above-ground gramineous biomass using radiometric measurements. The prototype unit consists of a modified two-channel digital radiometer interfaced to a pocket calculator. A digital interface was constructed to join electronically and control the radiometer and calculator to enable the radiometer-calculator system to solve a linear conversion solution from radiometric units to estimated biomass. This instrument has been used to estimate radiometrically gramineous biomass in a more efficient fashion with a high degree of accuracy.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 15; Feb. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Microwave backscattering theory and active remote sensing of the ocean surface (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The status is reviewed of electromagnetic scattering theory relative to the interpretation of microwave remote sensing data acquired from spaceborne platforms over the ocean surface. Particular emphasis is given to the assumptions which are either implicit or explicit in the theory. The multiple scale scattering theory developed during this investigation is extended to non-Gaussian surface statistics. It is shown that the important statistic for the case is the probability density function of the small scale heights conditioned on the large scale slopes; this dependence may explain the anisotropic scattering measurements recently obtained with the AAFE Radscat. It is noted that present surface measurements are inadequate to verify or reject the existing scattering theories. Surface measurements are recommended for qualifying sensor data from radar altimeters and scatterometers. Additional scattering investigations are suggested for imaging type radars employing synthetically generated apertures.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-CR-141423
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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