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  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1975-1979  (2)
Collection
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Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Role of Mites in the Transmission of Smoulder in Narcissus (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 24 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Infection by Sclerotinia narcissicola Greg, was observed in narcissus bulbs during autumn, in leaf initials colonized by bulb scale mites (Steneotarsonemus laticeps (Halb.)), and on lesions of varying extent on the corresponding tissue after emergence.Presence or absence of smoulder sclerotia on outer scales of bulbs was not related to the incidence of infection of shoots.There was no evidence that smoulder was reduced by treatment for control of bulb mites (Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fum. & Rob.)).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1975.tb01872.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial distributions of Septoria nodorum and S. tritici within crops of winter wheat (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 36 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In some crops of winter wheat selected from a range monitored in Western Europe during 1981-83, Septoria nodovum and S. tritici were spatially very uniformly distributed from the beginning of the growing season onwards. A cube root transformation produced a constant variance in lesion numbers per leaf, similar for both pathogens at about 0.5. This permits the sample size needed for a given accuracy to be estimated. Counts of conidia washed from leaves by a standard procedure had a constant coefficient of variation, independent of disease level. Large samples would be necessary for accurate counts, particularly if leaves from different layers were examined separately. The pattern of lesion numbers on leaves was best described by a negative binomial distribution: this predicts an incidence-severity curve to which the data conformed closely. Hence incidence estimates can be used to estimate severity, which may be more economical of sampling effort. Correlations between lesion counts on different leaves of the same tiller were negative and highly significant for S. nodorum in 1982, but positive and significant for S. tritici in 1983. The causes of this difference are unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1987.tb02181.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of development of Septoria nodorum and S. tritici in some winter wheat crops in Western Europe, 1981-83 (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 35 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In data collected at 19 sites in Western Europe during 1981-83. two patterns of development of Septoria nodorum and S. tritici on foliage of winter wheal were distinguished. In sudden outbreaks, lesions appeared simultaneously on the upper leaf layers of crops, usually after the end of stem extension; these outbreaks were ascribed to short, heavy rain storms in which pycnidiospore inoculum in basal leaves was elevated up to 60 cm through the crop canopy. Gradual epidemics were characterized by disease arising on successive leaf layers as they appeared during sustained periods of weather suitable for inoculum transport and infection.The data indicate incubation periods of 2-4 weeks for S. nodorum and 3-5 weeks for S. tritici. it is suggested that a leaf layer cannot normally sustain more than one pathogen generation and that its infection arises from inoculum borne on leaves older than in the layer situated immediately below it. The potential level of disease in a crop may relate to the amount of inoculum present in spring. The proportions of disease caused by the two Septoria species varied greatly between sites and years, but the data provided no explanation.It is concluded that a septoria forecast scheme needs to recognise the importance of sudden disease outbreaks and to include not only weather but also host growth and inoculum factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02044.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Airborne inoculum as a major source of Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola) infections in winter wheat crops in the UK (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 38 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The pattern and extent of primary infection by Septoria tritici were compared over a period of 3 years in winter wheat grown at sites with differing histories and from seed stocks obtained in different countries, in the open, under airtight cover and in sterilized soil. Only the airtight cover altered the number of lesions found, substantially reducing it. Lesions were evenly distributed. Lesions were found throughout the autumn and occasionally in the winter and spring on wheat seedlings exposed in trays to the open air for periods of 1 week, then given good conditions for infection to occur. This was true even at a site 0.4 km distant from wheat residues. The results show that the main source of primary infection of winter wheat in these experiments was evenly dispersed and airborne. It probably consisted mainly of ascospores of Mycosphaerella graminicola.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1989.tb01425.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model of the evolution of polygenically controlled fungicide resistance (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 38 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A simple model of the evolution of polygenically controlled fungicide resistance is presented. The basic model contains four parameters, all of which are experimentally measurable. The first, β, describes how much a given change in fungicide sensitivity alters the fitness of a clone of the organism in the presence of fungicide. The second, γ, describes the strength of stabilizing selection, which tends to restore sensitivity to an optimal value. The third, σ2, specifies the variance in fungicide sensitivity existing among genotypes in the population. The fourth parameter is the heritability, h2. of fungicide sensitivity; it applies only to pathogens reproducing sexually. The model suggests that changes in sensitivity of populations to fungicide will only be weakly dependent on the concentration applied, but will be mainly controlled by the slope of the graph for fungicide sensitivity against fitness in the presence of fungicide. Unless stabilizing selection is very strong, it will only slightly modify the rate at which sensitivity changes. Loss of resistance in the absence of the fungicide will be, at most, half as fast as its initial gain. If the heritability, h2, is close to 1, annual sexual reproduction will scarcely affect the conclusions drawn above; if h2, is small, long-term changes will be substantially slowed down and a cycle in population fungicide sensitivity may occur within each year. In suitable fungi, limits could be placed on the strength of stabilizing selection by looking for changes in variance in fungicide sensitivity between clones before and after sexual reproduction. Data to test the model are sparse, but do not contradict it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1989.tb01426.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and leaf wetness on Pyrenophora teres growing on barley cv. Sonja (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 35 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Conidia of Pyrenophora teres germinated only in the presence of liquid water and at temperatures above 2°C. The speed with which germination occurred was inversely proportional to temperature measured from a base of 2°C, up to the maximum temperature tested of 21°C. Once conidia on leaves had been wetted, about 40% of all infections that would eventually occur were established within 100°C-hours. Subsequent lesion extension was rapid, with area doubling times of about 1 day between 10 and 20°C.If conidia germinated, up to 80% formed successful infections on young, susceptible leaves. On older leaves fewer spores germinated and the proportion that then infected was smaller.The latent period, defined as the time before which sporulation did not occur under any wetness conditions, ranged from about 25 days at 5°C to 11 days at 20°C under dry conditions. Under continuously wet conditions it was about 20% shorter at all temperatures. Its inverse had a curvilinear relation to temperature.Spores were produced after one to several days of humidity above 95%. The precise period decreased with increasing temperature, but at 25°C spores never appeared. The drier a dead leaf was, the longer the pathogen in it look to produce spores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02018.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of upward movement of rain splash using a fluorescent tracer method and its application to the epidemiology of cereal pathogens (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 36 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To help understand inoculum transport in splash-dispersed cereal pathogens, the pattern and extent of upward movement of splash droplets produced by rain was measured using a ‘splashmeter’. This comprised a cylinder of chromatography paper arranged vertically at the centre of an annular reservoir containing UV-fluorescent cellulose-binding dye. Natural rainfall from April to August 1985 was examined over grass and, latterly, in a wheat crop; artificial rain generated in a rain tower was used for controlled experiments. The decay in proportion of droplets reaching a given height corrected to equivalent receptor areas was exponential above 5–10 cm. The height at which equivalent areas of receptor were covered with dye was strongly dependent on the drop size spectrum of the incident rainfall, rising when larger drops were present. Presumably because of this, the results show that splash height could not be predicted from data on rainfall volume rate alone. Field observations suggested that a sudden outbreak of Septoria tritici lesions in a wheat crop could be related to unusually great upward transport of rain splash detected 3 weeks earlier by the splashmeter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1987.tb02222.x
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  • 8
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    Segment-specific and common nucleotide sequences in the noncoding regions of influenza B virus genome RNAs. (1987)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Polymorphism in the rates of meiotic drive acting on the B-chromosome of Myrmeleotettix maculatus (1985)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-067X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2540
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
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    The genetic control of meiotic drive acting on the B-chromosome of Myrmeleotettix maculatus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) (1985)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-067X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2540
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer Nature
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