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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal concentration of ammonium ion in a minimal synthetic medium for the growth of Candida albicans (1991)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 113 (1991), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Candida albicans ; ammonium ; physiology ; medium ; growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Candida albicans strain B 311-10 with and without starvation was cultivated in the minimal synthetic medium of Shepherd et al. [18], modified without biotin, aminoacids, low glucose concentration [20] and with decreasing amounts of (NH4)2SO4, to determine the optimal growth requirement for this strain. All the experiments were carried out under sterile conditions at 25 °C in a thermostat with initial O.D.s (675 nm) of 0.500 and 0.100. Cell growth was generally monitored everyday for six days with a spectrophotometer by determining the absorbance of the cultures at 675 nm. All the experiments were repeated three times and a statistical analysis of the data with a probability of 99% and 1% of error was performed to confirm the validity of the results. Best growth was obtained with starved cells at an initial O.D. of 0.100 and with a 0.1 g/L concentration of (NH4)2SO4. At this concentration, the growth of C. albicans B 311-10 was best between the first and the fourth day with the maximum at the third day. With (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.05 and 0.5 g/L, cell growth was the same.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00436116
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First reportedNocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an AIDS patient in Italy (1994)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 126 (1994), S. 131-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: AIDS ; Drug addiction ; Immunodeficiency ; Nocardia otitidiscaviarum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nocardiosis is a well-described infection in immunocompromised patients, and has been rarely documented in patients with AIDS.Nocardia asteroides is the most frequently isolated etiologic agent. Rare cases are due toN. brasiliensis andN. otitidiscaviarum. This work describes the first case of nocardiosis in Italy caused byN. otitidiscaviarum in an AIDS patient. A 31 year-old intravenous drug abuser with a diagnosis of full-blown AIDS, presented with high fever and lymphadenitis with a fistula draining copious purulent discharge. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated, but the patient did not show any improvement. Direct examination of the pus revealed numerous gram positive rods. When culturedN. otitidiscavarium was isolated and identified by morphological and biochemical tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103766
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in a thiamine-free medium (1992)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 119 (1992), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Cryptococcus neoformans ; minimal synthetic medium ; physiology ; thiamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in a minimal liquid synthetic medium with or without thiamine (10 μg/ml) was investigated. In these media the presence or absence of thiamine had no effect on the development of C. neoformans. To check these results, we performed a series of experiments on a solid form of the minimal synthetic medium. In this study a series of six serial transfers were carried out to starve the cells of nutrients that may have been carried over from their growth on rich media. In each of the transfers on the solid synthetic medium, C. neoformans showed a similar and scarce growth. This finding indicates that C. neoformans could be autotrophic in respect to thiamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00448808
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of different levels of ammonium concentrations on cell growth, RNA and protein production byCandida albicans (1993)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 123 (1993), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Ammonium ion ; Candida albicans ; Protein production ; RNA production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Candida albicans starved cells were incubated in minimal synthetic liquid media containing different concentrations of ammonium sulphate (0.00, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.03, 0.50 g/L). Culture growth was monitored by measuring daily the optical density and by evaluating RNA and protein cellular content after 48 and 96 hours from the inoculum. The environmental availability of ammonium ion influenced the biomass production, that was maximum when its concentration was 0.10 and 0.30 g/L. In addition, an effect on cell duplication time was observed, this was particularly evident when the (NH4)2SO4 concentration was 0.10 g/L. The protein content increased in relation to the increase of ammonium ion availability, with a peak in correspondence to 0.30 g/L and a drop when the greatest concentrations were employed. RNA production was inversely proportional in respect to protein production. The optimal range of ammonium sulphate concentration forC. albicans growth was 0.10–0.30 g/L; over these concentrations there was an inhibitory effect. The rate of the protein and RNA syntheses seems to indicate the growth phase and the nitrogen nutritional conditions of the cultures, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103484
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new minimal synthetic medium for germ-tube production in Candida albicans (1991)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 116 (1991), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Candida albicans ; germ tube ; yeasts identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new minimal synthetic medium, with low amount of glucose, without aminoacids, vitamins and neutral pH, which induces germ-tubes production in Candida albicans, is reported in this work. The results indicate a perfect agreement between the germ-tube test performed with the standard method in human or animal serum and this test performed in minimal synthetic medium. In this medium the germ-tube test for the presumptive identification of Candida albicans can be performed with the same formality, time and reproducibility as those in human or animal serum. This constitutes an interesting finding because it is easy to prepare, to store and is highly reproducible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00436830
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular proteolytic activity ofCryptococcus neoformans (1994)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 128 (1994), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Bovine serum albumin ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Growth ; Nitrogen source ; Protease secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight strains ofCryptococcus neoformans var.neoformans isolated from AIDS patients in the Infectious Disease Institute, University of Turin, Italy, were examined for growth and extracellular proteolytic activity in culture with solid and liquid media. All of the strains grew well on Yeast Carbon Base (YCB) agar medium supplemented with both 0.1% (w/v) bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 0.01% (w/v) polypeptone (Pp), and produced a clear proteolytic zone around their colonies, whereas they exhibited less growth and proteolytic activity on YCB medium supplemented with BSA alone. Strain #8 with a strong proteolytic activity was cultured in three different liquid media. Its growth was limited in YCB medium supplemented with 0.1% BSA, but was moderate in that with 0.01% Pp. Enhanced growth was supported by the addition of both BSA and Pp to the YCB medium. The relative value of the final cellular yields obtained with the above YCB-0.1% BSA, YCB-0.01% Pp and YCB-0.1% BSA-0.01% Pp media was approximately 1:10:20. In the culture with YCB medium containing both BSA and Pp, a rapid decrease in the amount of BSA was demonstrated by a spectrophotometric assay and gel electrophoresis of the culture supernatant after the log-to-stationary phase. The proteolytic activity in the culture supernatant became detectable after the log phase when tested with skim milk agarose plates. These results allowed us to conclude thatCr. neoformans var.neoformans is able to secrete protease and to utilize protein as a source of nitrogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01138475
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