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Root canal length measurement in teeth with electrolyte compensation (1992)

Nam, K. C. ; Kim, S. C. ; Lee, S. J. ; [et al.]

Springer

Medical & biological engineering & computing 40 (1992), S. 200-204

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ISSN: 1741-0444

Keywords: Tooth ; Root canal length ; Voltage difference ; Endodontic therapy ; Impedance ratio ; Clinical evaluation

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract Electronic root canal length measurement devices have made it easier and faster to measure the root canal length of a tooth compared with the conventional radiographic method. Of these electronic apex locators, the frequency-dependent type features greater accuracy and convenience in operation. However, its accuracy is still influenced by the presence of blood and/or the various electrolytes used in root canal therapy. This study describes the development of a new frequency-dependent electronic apex locator featuring electrolyte compensation, utilising an impedance ratio and voltage difference technique to minimise the influence of electrolytes on the accuracy of root canal length measurement. The errors for distances from file tips to apical constrictions were determined in vivo with the device operating with electrolyte compensation. The measured lengths were compared with the true lengths of the extracted teeth determined using a microscope. The mean error was +0.14±0.27 mm, and 95.2% of the measurements were within the clinical tolerance of ±0.5 mm. It was also found that the degree of accuracy was not dependent on the size of the apical foramen (p=0.74).

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348125

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Production of recombinant proteins in high-density insect cell cultures (1993)

Reuveny, S. ; Kim, Y. J. ; Kemp, C. W. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 235-239

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ISSN: 0006-3592

Keywords: insect cells ; high density culture ; recombinant protein production ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: The effect of the growth phase of Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells on the production of recombinant proteins (β-galactosidase and glucocerebrosidase) was investigated. Cells infected with the recombinant Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus at the late exponential and stationary phases yielded low quantities of expressed protein. Highest enzyme yields were obtained using Sf9 cells from the early exponential phase (0.9 mg β-galactosidase/106 cells and 1.7 μg glucocerebrosidase/106 cells). Infection of resuspension of cells collected from various phases of growth in fresh medium resulted in 75% restoration of maximal expression levels. This finding suggested either nutrient limitation or waste product accumulation as the cause of the decrease in productivity at the latter phases of growth. Further experiments revealed that the highest productivity levels could be obtained with cultures of Sf9 cells grown in a fermentor to a cell concentration of 4 × 106 mL-1. The medium needed to be replaced prior to infection with the recombinant virus and supplemented with a mixture of glucose, L-glutamine, and yeastolate ultrafiltrate. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.