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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrode reactions of nitroxide radicals. IX. Anodic oxidations of 4-hydroxyimino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and 4-[(aminocarbonyl)-hydrazone]-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl in water solutions (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 3 (1991), S. 233-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Anodic reactions of two stable nitroxide radicals, 4-hydroxyimino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (1) and 4-[(aminocarbonyl)-hydrazone]-2.2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (2) were studied in aqueous solutions over the pH range 5.33-8.04 using the cyclic voltammetry technique. They show one-electron oxidation processes of reversible and quasi-reversible natures, depending on scan rate conditions at pH 5.33. The diffusion coefficients, the observed standard rate constants (ks), and the oxidation potentials for the redox reaction nitroxyl radical ⇌ oxoammonium salt have been determined. A one-electron transfer process, followed by an irreversible chemical reaction, is observed at pH ≥ 5.71, and the rates of this reaction at pH 5.71 and 6.71 are 0.11 and 0.080 s-1, respectively. Controlled-potential electrolysis at 0.8 V (vs. SCE) confirms a one-electron electrode reaction.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140030316
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional use of diets by Rana perezi Seoane larvae (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 24 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Larvae of Rana perezi Seoane were reared under laboratory conditions on three compounded diets, three fresh diets and three mixed diets in an attempt to compare the nutritive use and the relative performance of the feeds. The indices of nutritive use help to evaluate the diets. Best digestibility was observed with the fresh diets, although the animals grew slowly. A diet rich in protein (40%), fats, and carbohydrates improved growth rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1993.tb00625.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal level of dietary protein for Rana perezi Seoane larvae (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 24 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal protein level for best growth and development of Rana perezi Seoane larvae. Performance of four diets containing 28%, 33·5%, 39% and 45·5% protein was compared. Tadpoles provided diets with 39% and 45·5% gross protein achieved the best results with regard to growth (weight gain, growth rate, feed conversion, etc.) and development (length of larval period, percentage of metamorphosis, etc.). Considering that protein is the most expensive diet component, it is estimated that the optimum quantity of protein for R. perezi larvae is about 39%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1993.tb00550.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast identification of species and strains of Vibrio by amplification of polymorphic DNA (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 17 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1994.tb00225.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature, oxygen and carbon dioxide on osmotic fragility of carp, Cyprinus carpio L., erythrocytes (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 32 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The in vitro effects of gases and temperature on the osmotic fragility of carp erythrocytes were studied. At the three different temperatures analyzed (5, 11 and 20°C) there was no noticeable modification in erythrocyte membrane osmotic resistance. Osmotic fragility of red blood cells was altered by CO2 and air treatment, as compared to the standard procedure. This suggests the need to take into account a possible moderate hypoxia that develops in the routine procedure of nucleated erythrocyte osmotic fragility tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05358.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of osmotic fragility of red blood cells of freshwater-adapted and seawater-adapted rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 28 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The osmotic fragilities of erythrocytes in blood sampled from rainbow trout adapted to sea water or fresh water did not differ significantly although blood chloride concentration and osmolarity were lower in the freshwater group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1986.tb05177.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of androgenetic performance and molecular characterisation of a set of wheat-rye addition lines (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 982-990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RFLP analysis ; Wheat-rye addition lines ; Chromosomal rearrangements ; Anther culture ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rye chromosomes of wheat-rye addition lines were successfully identified by means of an RFLP analysis with 30 probes. Our results are in agreement with previous cytological data concerning the identity of lines F (+1R), D (+2R), C (+3R), A (+4R), E (+5R) and B (+7R). Two categories of chromosomal rearrangements have been distinguished, namely: (1) deletions: the current line D possesses a chromosome 2R deleted on its short arm and the line G a chromosome 3R deleted on its long arm; we have also noticed a deletion on the long arm of wheat chromosome 1A in line F61; and (2) evolutionary reciprocal translocations in rye relative to wheat which have been previously mentioned in the literature. The anther culture response of the different lines was studied. A significant difference between ‘FEC 28’ and the addition lines was observed for embryo production and plant regeneration. It appears that genes located on ‘S 10’ chromosome arm 3RL and on ‘FEC 28’ chromosome arm 1AL increase embryo frequency whereas gene(s) located on ‘S 10’ chromosome 5R reduce(s) it. Plant regeneration results suggest that genes increasing regeneration ability and green-plant frequency are located on ‘S 10’ chromosome 4R. The long arm of chromosome 1A seems to be involved positively in green-plant regeneration whereas chromosomes 1R and 3R limit plant regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224528
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Floating liquid zones (1986)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 73 (1986), S. 345-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367260
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Dichte des Rotfuchses und die Beute an Niederwild während der Periode der Jungenaufzucht im Südosten Spaniens (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of wildlife research 40 (1994), S. 145-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0574
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The objects of investigation were the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), its population density, and the effects of its preying on wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), field hares (Lepus granatensis), and red partridge (Alectoris rufa) in the Nature Reserve Baza Mountains in southeastern Spain in May 1991. The preying of fox on free living sheep there were studied as well. The densities of old and young foxes amount to 1.6 and 0.9 individuals per km2. The fox densities determined are among the highest recorded for rural areas though the numbers of fox dens are low in comparison to other regions. The prey densities for rabbits, hares, and red partridge respectively are 0.53, 0.32, and 0.15 individuals/ha. The food of the young and old foxes differs significantly. Adult foxes prey on small mammals (58.5%) and insects (54.8%), while small mammals (72.2%) are the main staple of young foxes. Low densities of rabbits, hares and red partridge are probably the reason for the low hunting pressure on small game. The effect of fox preying (on rabbits, hares, and red partridge) is 〈 1%. Forty lambs (assumed to be less than 5 days old) were preyed upon during the investigation period.
    Abstract: Résumé L'étude, réalisée en mai 1991 dans le Parc naturel des Monts Baza dans l'Espagne du Sud-Est, porte sur le Renard (Vulpes vulpes), sa densité de population et l'impact de sa prédation sur le Lapin (Oryctolagus cuniculus), le Lièvre (Lepus granatensis) et la Perdrix rouge (Alectoris rufa) ainsi que sur sa consommation en moutons vivant en liberté. Les densités de renards adultes et juvéniles atteignent 1,6 et 0,9 individus par km2. Cette densité compte parmi les plus élevées du pays; le nombre de terriers occupés par des portée est cependant faible par comparaison avec ce qui s'observe ailleurs. Les densités des proies sont respectivement de 0,53, 0,32 et 0,15 têtes par ha pour le Lapin, le Lièvre et la Perdrix rouge. L'alimentation des renards adultes et juvéniles est significativement différente: les micro-mammifères (58,5%) et les insectes (54,8%) constituent l'essentiel des proies consommées par les sujets adultes; avec 72,2%, les micro-mammifères constituent l'essentiel des proies consommées par les sujets juvéniles. Les faibles densités en Lapin, Lièvre et Perdrix rouge sont sans doute à l'origine de la faible pression prédatrice sur les petits mammifères. L'impact de la prédation par les renards adultes et juvéniles sur les Lapin, Lièvre et Perdrix rouge est estimé inférieur à 1%. 40 agneaux, dont il est supposé qu'ils étaient tous âgés de moins de 5 jours, ont été dévorés au cours de la période d'observation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Untersucht wurde der Rotfuchs (Vulpes vulpes), seine Dichte und Einwirkung der Beuteentnahme auf Wildkaninchen (Oryctolagus cuniculus), Feldhasen (Lepus granatensis) und Rothühner (Alectoris rufa) sowie der Verzehr von freilebenden Schafen im Mai 1991 im Naturpark Baza-Gebirge im südöstlichen Spanien. Die Dichten von Alt- und Jungfüchsen betragen 1,6 und 0,9 Individuen/km2. Die ermittelte Fuchsdichte gehört mit zu den höchsten, über die in ländlichen Gebieten berichtet wird, jedoch ist die Anzahl der Baue mit Gehecken gering im Vergleich zu anderen Bereichen. Die Beutedichten sind 0,53, 0,32, 0,15 Individuen/ha für Kaninchen, Hasen und Rothühner. Die Nahrung der Alt- und Jungfüchse ist signifikant unterschiedlich. Kleinsäuger (58,5%) und Insekten (54,8%) sind die am meisten verzehrte Beute der Altfüchse und Kleinsäuger (72,2%) die der Jungfüchse. Niedrige Dichten von Kaninchen, Hasen und Rothühner sind wahrscheinlich Ursache für den niedrigen Beutedruck auf Kleinsäuger. Die Einwirkung der Beuteentnahme von Alt- und Jungfüchsen (auf Kaninchen, Rothühner und Hasen) wird mit weniger als 1% ermittelt. 40 Lämmer wurden während der Untersuchungszeit verzehrt, wobei unterstellt wird, daß alle Individuen weniger als 5 Tage alt waren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02242046
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Status und Aussichten für den Schutz der Population des Spanischen Steinbocks (Capra pyrenaica Schinz, 1838) im Sierra Mágina Naturpark in Spanien (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of wildlife research 39 (1993), S. 87-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0574
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The condition of the Spanish ibex population of Sierra Magina Natural Park (southern Spain) was studied during the rut period 1991, after the appearance of the first signs of sarcoptic mange in this population. A total of 151 individuals in 53 different groups were observed during the study. The population was characterized by a sex-ratio close to 1, a reproductive index of 0.57, and a reproductive potential of 1.5. Males were mainly 2–3 (40.4%) and 4–5 (38.3%) years old. Density was estimated as 2.6 ind./km2 (SE=0.27), which represented about 406 individuals for the study area. Spanish ibex were present all over the study area, although the preferred elevations were between 1200 and 1600 m. The sarcoptic mange prevalence in the Spanish ibex population was estimated as 25%, and it was spread throughout the study area. Results are discussed in relation to conservation perspectives for this Spanish ibex population and five basic measures are recommended.
    Abstract: Résumé Pendant la période de rut de 1991, la situation d'une population de bouquetins espagnols de la Réserve naturelle de la Sierra Màgina (Sud de l'Espagne) fut étudiée dès le moment où les premiers symptômes de la Galle à Sarcoptes se manifestèrent dans la population. 151 individus appartenant à 53 groupements sociaux différents furent observés au cours de l'étude. La population était caractérisée par un sex-ratio proche de l'unité, un taux de reproduction de 0,57 et un indice de potentiel reproductif de 1,5. Les sujets mâles étaient le plus souvent âgés de 2 à 3 ans (40,4%) et de 4 à 5 ans (38,3%). La densité se situait aux environs de 2,6 têtes au km2 (ES=0,27), ce qui correspond à 406 têtes pour le territoire d'étude. Les bouquetins étaient présents dans toutes les parties du territoire, encore que les altitudes de 1200 à 1600 m fussent préférées. La dispersion de la Galle à Sarcoptes fut constatée sur le quart de la population mais répandue sur l'entièreté du territoire. Les résultats de cette recherche sont discutés en relation avec les perspectives de la protection du Bouquetin; cinq mesures fondamentales sont recommandées.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Während der Brunftperiode 1991 wurde der Zustand einer Population spanischer Steinböcke im Sierra Mágina Naturpark (südliches Spanien) studiert, nachdem sich erste Anzeichen für die Sarcoptesräude in dem Bestand zeigten. 151 Individuen in 53 verschiedenen Rudelgruppierungen wurden während der Studie beobachtet. Die Population war charakterisiert durch ein Geschlechterverhältnis nahe 1, einen Reproduktionsindex von 0,57 und ein Reproduktionspotential von 1,5. Die männlichen Stücke waren hauptsächlich zwei bis drei Jahre (40,4%) und 4 bis 5 Jahre (38,3%) alt. Als Dichte ergab sich ein Wert von 2,6 Individuen pro km2 (SE=0,27), womit sich 406 Individuen für das Untersuchungsgebiet ergeben. Steinböcke waren in allen Teilen des Untersuchungsgebietes zugegen, obwohl Höhenlagen zwischen 1200 und 1600 m bevorzugt wurden. Die Verbreitung der Sarcoptesräude wurde in der Steinwildpopulation bei 25% festgestellt, über das gesamte Untersuchungsgebiet ausgebreitet. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse werden in Bezug auf Perspektiven für den Schutz der Steinwildpopulation diskutiert und es werden fünf grundlegende Maßnahmen empfohlen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02285321
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