ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Reduced Aggressive Behavior: A Benefit of Silk-Spinning in the Parsnip Webworm, Depressaria pastinacella (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) (1998)

Green, E. S. ; Zangerl, A. R. ; Berenbaum, M. R.

Springer

Journal of insect behavior 11 (1998), S. 761-772

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ISSN: 1572-8889

Keywords: silk-spinning behavior ; webs ; aggressive interactions ; wild parsnip

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The parsnip webworm, Depressaria pastinacella, spins a silken web within the umbels of its host plant, the wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa, and aggressively defends this web against conspecifics. We first established experimentally that the number of aggressive interactions between caterpillars with their webs removed was significantly higher than for webworms with intact webs. In order to determine whether web-spinning acts to divide food resources and reduce aggressive interactions, we measured relative weight gain and total silk production of parsnip webworms isolated from one another, grouped together with webbing undisturbed, and grouped together with webbing removed daily. Parsnip webworms isolated from one another and therefore unable to engage in aggressive interactions attained the highest pupal weights and spun the smallest amount of silk; caterpillars with webs removed daily and therefore with frequent aggressive interactions until territories were reestablished had the lowest pupal weights and spun the greatest quantity of silk. Our findings indicate that, for the parsnip webworm, constructing a silken web reduces aggressive encounters among conspecifics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020899724277

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2

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Is CITES an effective tool for monitoring trade in corals? (1999)

Green, E. P. ; Hendry, H.

Springer

Coral reefs 18 (1999), S. 403-407

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ISSN: 1432-0975

Keywords: Key words CITES ; Coral trade ; Species identification

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Despite a legal obligation to do so there is a widespread failure to record coral species on CITES trade permits. The complexity of coral taxonomy and the volume of coral specimens in trade mean that in practice this obligation will never be met, and so it may be sensible to ensure that the identification of genera is as accurate as possible. The accuracy of non-specialists in identifying coral genera using four existing guides was tested experimentally. Only three of ten genera were identified to more than 67% accuracy and none of the guides was ideally suited for coral specimens in trade. A guide designed specifically for this purpose and a change in emphasis under CITES to genera rather than species would therefore improve the effectiveness of CITES in monitoring the international coral trade.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003380050218

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3

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Biotransformations by Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 in pH-auxostat culture (1996)

Green, E. M. ; Stephens, G. M.

Springer

Applied microbiology and biotechnology 44 (1996), S. 553-556

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ISSN: 1432-0614

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Abstract Solvent-producing cultures of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 can reduce a variety of aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohols, but the enzymes that catalyse these biotransformations have not been identified. The possibility that butanol dehydrogenases were involved was tested by comparing the ability of solvent- and acid-producing pH-auxostat cultures to reduce representative biotransformation substrates. The ability of the cultures to produce solvents was manipulated by controlling the biomass concentration, and this was achieved by varying the glucose concentration in the inflowing medium. The solvent-producing culture could reduce cyclohexanone and benzaldehyde. In contrast, very little reduction of these substrates occurred in the acid-producing culture. This suggested that one or more butanol dehydrogenases did indeed catalyse these biotransformations.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050598

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4

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Biotransformations by Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 in pH-auxostat culture (1996)

Green, E. M. ; Stephens, G. M.

Springer

Applied microbiology and biotechnology 44 (1996), S. 553-556

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ISSN: 1432-0614

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Abstract Solvent-producing cultures of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 can reduce a variety of aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohols, but the enzymes that catalyse these biotransformations have not been identified. The possibility that butanol dehydrogenases were involved was tested by comparing the ability of solvent- and acid-producing pH-auxostat cultures to reduce representative biotransformation substrates. The ability of the cultures to produce solvents was manipulated by controlling the biomass concentration, and this was achieved by varying the glucose concentration in the inflowing medium. The solvent-producing culture could reduce cyclohexanone and benzaldehyde. In contrast, very little reduction of these substrates occured in the acid-producing culture. This suggested that one or more butanol dehydrogenases did indeed catalyse these biotransformations.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172484

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5

Electronic Resource

Digital analysis of multispectral airborne imagery of coral reefs (1998)

Mumby, P. J. ; Green, E. P. ; Clark, C. D. ; [et al.]

Springer

Coral reefs 17 (1998), S. 59-69

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ISSN: 1432-0975

Keywords: Key words Casi ; Remote sensing ; Coral Satellite Airborne

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract The digital airborne sensor, CASI (Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager) has considerable potential for mapping marine habitats. Here we present an account of one of the first coral reef applications. The CASI was flown over reefs of the Turks and Caicos Islands (British West Indies) and set to view 1 m pixels in 8 spectral bands. In addition, reef habitats were sampled in situ by visual assessment of percent cover in 1 m quadrats. Seagrass standing crop was assessed using a calibrated visual scale. Benthic habitats were classified using hierarchical cluster and similarity percentage analyses of the field survey data. Two levels of habitat discrimination were assessed: a coarse level (corals, algae, sand, seagrass) and a fine level which included nine reef habitats. Overall accuracies of CASI-derived habitat maps were 89% and 81% for coarse and fine levels of habitat discrimination, respectively. Accuracies were greatest once CASI data had been processed to compensate for variations in depth and edited to take account of generic patterns of reef distribution. These overall accuracies were significantly (P〈0.001) better than those obtained from satellite imagery of the same site (Landsat MSS, Landsat TM, SPOT XS, SPOT Pan, merged Landsat TM/SPOT Pan). Results from CASI were also significantly better than those from interpretation of 1:10 000 colour aerial photographs of reefs in Anguilla (Sheppard et al. 1995). However, the studies may not have been entirely comparable due to a disparity in the areas mapped.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003380050096

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6

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Coral reef habitat mapping: how much detail can remote sensing provide? (1997)

Mumby, P. J. ; Green, E. P. ; Edwards, A. J. ; [et al.]

Springer

Marine biology 130 (1997), S. 193-202

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The capability of satellite and airborne remote-sensing methods for mapping Caribbean coral reefs is evaluated. Reef habitats were categorised into coarse, intermediate and fine detail, using hierarchical classification of field data (percent cover in 1 m quadrats and seagrass standing-crop). Habitats were defined as assemblages of benthic macro-organisms and substrata and were mapped using the satellite sensors Landsat MSS, Landsat TM, SPOT XS, SPOT Pan and merged Landsat TM/SPOT Pan. Habitats were also mapped using the high-resolution digital airborne sensor, CASI (compact airborne spectrographic imager). To map areas 〉60 km in any direction with coarse detail, Landsat TM was the most accurate and cost-effective satellite sensor (SPOT XS when 〈60 km). For maps with intermediate habitat detail, aerial photography (from a comparable study in Anguilla) exhibited similar accuracy to Landsat TM, SPOT XS, SPOT Pan and merged Landsat TM/SPOT Pan. Landsat MSS was consistently the least accurate sensor. Maps from CASI were significantly (p〈0.001) more accurate than satellite sensors and aerial photographs. Maps with detailed habitat information (i.e. 〉9 reef classes) had a maximum accuracy of 37% when based on satellite imagery, but aerial photography and CASI achieved accuracies of 67 and 81%, respectively. Commissioning of new aerial photography does not appear to be a cost-effective option; satellites are cheaper for coarse habitat-mapping, and detailed habitat-mapping can be conducted more accurately and cheaply with CASI. The results will guide practitioners in matching survey objectives to appropriate remote-sensing methods.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050238

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7

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Acoustic Emission in Composite Laminates (1998)

Green, E. Rhian

Springer

Journal of nondestructive evaluation 17 (1998), S. 117-127

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ISSN: 1573-4862

Keywords: Fiber composites ; laminates ; acoustic emission

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics

Notes: Abstract The response of a laminated plate to internal acoustic emission events is examined in detail. The plate consists of four layers of a unidirectional fiber composite material arranged in a cross-ply configuration. The sources considered include a vertical line couple, a horizontal line couple and a line double couple without moment. The latter is produced by the combination of two equal and opposite line couples and may be associated with a shear dislocation in the plane of the laminate. The particular response presented here is that of the normal upper surface displacement. Four different orientations of the line sources relative to the core fiber direction are considered. The sources may be located at any depth within the plate and results are shown for three locations, namely, the upper interface, the midplane and the lower interface. The receiver is positioned on the upper surface at a known distance from the line of action of the source. When this distance is small relative to the depth of the plate, it is possible to associate some of the peaks and troughs present in the response with the arrival of individual rays. At larger distances, the disturbance arises from the propagating Rayleigh Lamb modes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022654913517

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8

Electronic Resource

Acoustic emission in composite laminates (1998)

Rhian Green, E.

Springer

Journal of nondestructive evaluation 17 (1998), S. 117-127

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ISSN: 1573-4862

Keywords: Fiber composites ; laminates ; acoustic emission

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics

Notes: Abstract The response of a laminated plate to internal acoustic emission events is examined in detail. The plate consists of four layers of a unidirectional fiber composite material arranged in a cross-ply configuration. The sources considered include a vertical line couple, a horizontal line couple and a line double couple without moment. The latter is produced by the combination of two equal and opposite line couples and may be associated with a shear dislocation in the plane of the laminate. The particular response presented here is that of the normal upper surface displacement. Four different orientations of the line sources relative to the core fiber direction are considered. The sources may be located at any depth within the plate and results are shown for three locations, namely, the upper interface, the midplane and the lower interface. The receiver is positioned on the upper surface at a known distance from the line of action of the source. When this distance is small relative to the depth of the plate, it is possile to associate some of the peaks and troughs present in the response with the arrival of individual rays. At larger distances, the disturbance arises from the propagating Rayleigh Lamb modes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446115

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