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  • Articles  (60)
  • 1995-1999  (60)
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  • 1
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    If a Tree Falls in the Forest… (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-07-12
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave Processing of Materials (1996)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Materials Research 26 (1996), S. 299-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6600
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ms.26.080196.001503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of phosphorus inputs to a freshwater lake: a case study (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 26 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The legislation permitting control of phosphorus inputs into the aquatic environment From point and diffuse sources is complex and incomplete. River Purification Authorities in Scotland are responsible for the implementation of this legislation, and additionally, have adopted policies aimed at protecting waters from the effects of eutrophication. This paper describes the implementation of the legislation and the policies adopted by the Forth River Purification Board for the control of freshwater eutrophication by reference to the Lake of Menteith. in Central Scotland. The Lake of Menteith is described, the results of a detailed monitoring exercise are presented and the control measures applied are discussed. The Lake of Menteith is classified as mesotrophic. it has a high conservation and amenity value, and is operated as a commercial sport fishery by the Lake of Menteith Fishery Company. The Company operate a fish cage rearing unit on the Lake and two land-based rearing units on tributary streams. The phosphorus budget for the Lake is described and the implications for future controls discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1995.tb00943.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multinuclear NMR, Raman, EXAFS, and X-ray diffraction studies of uranyl carbonate complexes in near-neutral aqueous solution. X-ray structure of [C(NH2)3]6[(UO2)3(CO3)6].cntdot.6.5H2O (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 34 (1995), S. 4797-4807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00123a013
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-situ migmatite and hybrid diatexite at Mt Stafford, central Australia (1996)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Metasedimentary gneisses show a rapid change in grade within a 10-km-wide low-P/high-T  regional aureole at Mt Stafford, Arunta Block, central Australia. Migmatites occur in all but the lowermost of five metamorphic zones, which are characterized by: (1) muscovite–quartz schist; (2) andalusite–cordierite–K-feldspar granofels with small melt segregations; (3) spinel–sillimanite–cordierite–K-feldspar migmatite; (4) garnet–orthopyroxene–cordierite migmatite and minor diatexite; and (5) biotite–cordierite–plagioclase diatexite that shows a transition to granite. A subsolidus unit comprising interbedded sandstone and siltstone is equivalent to bedded migmatite,the main rock type in Zones 2–4. Mesoscopic textures and migmatite classification of this unit vary with grade. In Zone 2, metatexite is developed in siltstone layers that are separated by quartz-rich, unmelted metapsammite layers. Melt segregation was less efficient in Zones 3 and 4, where the dominant migmatite layering is a modified bedding. High proportions of melt were present in Zone 4, in which schlieren migmatite is transitional between bedded migmatite and metapelite-sourced diatexite. The preservation of sedimentary structures and coexistence of melt reactants and products in Zone 4 metapelite imply that melting proceeded insitu without substantial migration of melt. Zone 5 biotite–cordierite–plagioclase diatexite carries rafts of bedded migmatite with strongly resorbed edges, as well as large K-feldspar and quartz augen. This unit of comparatively Ca-rich migmatites is inferred to have been formed by the mixing of locally derived and injected granitic melt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1314.1996.06002.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodobis(pyridine-N)bis(η5-trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl)neodymium (1997)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 850-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270196014552
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chebychev matrices and quasiperiodic tilings (1995)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 684-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Using 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 matrices, Rao & Suryanarayan [Physica (Utrecht) (1994), B193, 139–146] and Clark & Suryanarayan [Acta Cryst. (1991), A47, 498–502] have obtained quasiperiodic tilings of the plane with n-fold rotational symmetry, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 with two unit prototiles. In this paper, a generalized method for generating quasiperiodic lattices for n-fold non-crystallographic axes is given by employing Chebychev and associated Chebychev matrices of order n, and some of their properties are derived. The method is based on the self-similarity principle. The properties of the matrices are applied to create self-similar tiles by solving an eigenvalue problem that shows how many of each type of tile to use and sheds light on how to configure the boundaries of the next generation's tiles. The tilings generated contain the above-mentioned filings as special cases. Thus, this approach introduces the basic techniques from linear algebra to the study of filings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767395001711
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of chelating agents and respiratory inhibitors on regulation of the cadA gene in Escherichia coli (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 167 (1997), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words Anaerobic metabolism ; Lysine ; decarboxylase ; β-Galactosidase ; Gene fusions ; Cyanide ; Respiratory inhibitors ; Arc regulation ; Chelating agents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cadA gene that encodes lysine decarboxylase in Escherichia coli is induced by low pH and – during anaerobic growth – by the substrate, lysine. We used operon fusions of cadA to lacZ to investigate the effects of aeration on cadA regulation. When an insertion mutation in osmZ (= hns) was introduced, a cadA-lacZ fusion was derepressed in the presence of air to approximately the same level as seen during anaerobic growth. However, the pH-dependent regulation of cadA was not affected by osmZ. Introduction of mutations in rpoS, fur, or fnr had no significant effect on cadA expression. However, defects in arcB or arcA largely abolished expression of cadA during anaerobic growth. Nonetheless, strains defective in both arcB and osmZ showed the same high cadA-lac expression in air as seen in the single osmZ derivatives. Blocking the respiratory chain with mutations or chemical inhibitors also caused derepression of a cadA-lacZ fusion in air, while agents affecting the proton gradient had no effect. Derepression of cadA in air was also mediated by several chelating agents, in particular by methoxyindole carboxylic acid. Addition of Fe2+ overcame this effect. Chelating agents also abolished the expression during aerobic growth of several genes known to be under arcAB control and which are normally repressed during anaerobic growth but induced in the presence of air. This implies that the effect of chelating agents on cadA expression is mediated via the arcAB regulatory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050437
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative lung delivery of salbutamol given via Turbuhaler and Diskus dry powder inhaler devices (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 53 (1997), S. 47-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Salbutamol ; Dry powder inhaler; lung bioavailability ; Turbuhaler ; Diskus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The environmental concerns surrounding the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) have led to a resurgence of interest in dry powder inhaler devices. The aim of our study was to compare two commonly used dry powder inhaler devices, namely the Turbuhaler and Diskus. Methods: Eight healthy volunteers with a mean (SEM) age of 21 years (0.8) were studied using a randomised single-investigator blind crossover design. Single doses of 1.2 mg salbutamol as Turbuhaler (12 × 100 μg) and Diskus (6 × 200 μg) were administered over 6 min. Mouth rinsing was performed after every inhalation. Lung delivery from each device was assessed by measuring the early plasma salbutamol profile at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after inhalation. Results: Significant differences in lung delivery were found between the Diskus and the Turbuhaler for salbutamol Cmax 3.21 vs 4.04 ng · ml−1, respectively and Cav 2.65 vs 3.73 ng · ml−1, respectively. This amounted to a 1.28-fold difference (95% CI 1.09 to 1.45) between these devices for Cmax and a 1.42-fold difference (95% CI 1.57 to 1.66) for Cav. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that, in vivo, the Turbuhaler dry powder inhaler produces significantly greater lung delivery of salbutamol than the Diskus. This illustrates that dry powder inhaler devices may have different in vivo deposition characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050335
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adrenocortical activity with repeated administration of one-daily inhaled fluticasone propionate and budesonide in asthmatic adults (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 53 (1998), S. 317-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Asthma ; Fluticasone propionate ; Budesonide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the steady-state effects of once-daily inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) and budesonide (BUD) on adrenocortical activity in asthmatic patients. Methods: Ten asthmatic patients with a mean age of 31.2 years, a mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) of 91% predicted and a forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25–75) of 62.3% predicted were studied in a single-blind randomised crossover design comparing placebo (PL), FP (375 μg per day and 750 μg per day) and BUD (400 μg per day and 800 μg per day) all given once daily for 4 days at each dose via a pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI) at 0800 hours. After 4 days of treatment, plasma cortisol was measured at 0800 hours (24 h after the last dose) and a 10-h overnight urine collection was taken, 14 h after the last dose (2200–0800 hours) for analysis of cortisol and creatinine excretion. Results: Plasma cortisol levels (nmol · l−1, as geometric mean) at 0800 hours demonstrated a significant difference between the highest doses of FP and BUD (424.1 vs 510.3 nmol · l−1, respectively) but not between the low doses (506.8 vs 514.9 nmol · l−1; PL 532.2 nmol · l−1). For the highest dose FP (750 μg) this equated to 20% suppression of 0800 hours plasma cortisol. Likewise, for overnight urinary cortisol output (nmol · 10 h−1, as geometric mean), there was a significant difference at the high doses of FP and BUD (25.5 vs 38.2 nmol · 10 h−1), but not at the low doses 31.3 vs 34.8 nmol · 10 h−1; PL 32.0 nmol · 10 h−1. For the overnight urinary cortisol/creatinine ratio (nmol · mmol−1, as geometric mean) there was a similar trend; 4.5 vs 6.1 nmol · mmol−1 for high dose and 5.6 vs 6.3 nmol · mmol−1 for low dose; PL 5.9 nmol · mmol−1. Conclusion: Repeated doses of FP 750 μg once daily caused greater adrenal suppression than BUD 800 μg once daily, when comparing effects on plasma cortisol levels at 0800 hours, 24 h after the last dose, as well as effects on overnight urinary cortisol output. Neither FP 375 μg once daily nor BUD 400 μg once daily produced detectable adrenal suppression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050385
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