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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microtubule-Dependent Reticulopodial Surface Motility: Reversible Inhibition on Plasma Membrane Blebs (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 466 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb38478.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Centrosomes Are Required for the Assembly of a Bipolar Spindle in Animal Cells (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 466 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb38449.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple technique for viewing cultured cells from the side by light microscopy (1988)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 11 (1988), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: light microscopy ; cell profile ; flexible substrate ; Formvar ; Teflon ; polycarbonate membranes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cultured cells are grown on flexible plastic substrates (e.g., Formvar, polycarbonate, Teflon) which can be folded to form a cell-lined edge. Once folded, the substrate is incubated in growth medium within a simple viewing chamber constructed from a glass slide and a cover slip. By examining the folded edge with a light microscope, one can image, with good resolution, large numbers of cell profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407312
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new look at kinetochore structure in vertebrate somatic cells using high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution (1998)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 107 (1998), S. 366-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Three decades of structural analysis have produced the view that the kinetochore in vertebrate cells is a disk-shaped structure composed of three distinct structural domains. The most prominent of these consists of a conspicuous electron opaque outer plate that is separated by a light-staining electron-translucent middle plate from an inner plate associated with the surface of the pericentric heterochromatin. Spindle microtubules terminate in the outer plate and, in their absence, a conspicuous corona of fine filaments radiates from the cytoplasmic surface of this plate. Here we report for the first time the ultrastructure of kinetochores in untreated and Colcemid-treated vertebrate somatic (PtK1) cells prepared for optimal structural preservation using high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution. In serial thin sections, and electron tomographic reconstructions, the kinetochore appears as a 50–75 nm thick mat of light-staining fibrous material that is directly connected with the more electron-opaque surface of the centromeric heterochromatin. This mat corresponds to the outer plate in conventional preparations, and is surrounded on its cytoplasmic surface by a conspicuous 100–150 nm wide zone that excludes ribosomes and other cytoplasmic components. High magnification views of this zone reveal that it contains a loose network of light-staining, thin (〈9 nm diameter) fibers that are analogous to the corona fibers in conventional preparations. Unlike the chromosome arms, which appear uniformly electron opaque, the chromatin in the primary constriction appears mottled. Since the middle plate is not visible in these kinetochore preparations this feature is likely an artifact produced by extraction and coagulation during conventional fixation and/or dehydration procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050320
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Naturally occurring tubulin-containing paracrystals in Allogromia: Immunocytochemical identification and functional significance (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 363-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Allogromia ; cytoplasmic transport ; microtubules ; reticulopod withdrawal ; tubulin-containing paracrystal ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Bundles of microtubules (MTs) are readily visualized in vivo by videomicroscopy in highly flattened reticulopodia of the foraminiferan protozoan Allogromia sp. strain NF. In this report we use videomicroscopy, immunocytochemistry, and high-voltage electron microscopy to characterize the dynamic changes that occur in this extensive MT cytoskeleton, and in the associated cytoplasmic transport, during induced withdrawal and subsequent reextension of reticulopodia. Within seconds after application of the withdrawal stimulus (seawater substitute made hypertonic with MgCl2) intracellular bidirectional transport along linear MT-containing fibrils ceases and is replaced by an inward, constant-velocity flow of cytoplasm along the fibrils. As withdrawal continues, most fibrils become wavy and coalesce to form phase-dense pools. These wavy fibrils and phase-dense pools contain a paracrystalline material and few if any MTs. Same-section correlative immunofluorescence and high-voltage electron microscopy reveal that the paracrystalline material contains tubulin. During recovery linear fibrils (MTs) rapidly extend from the phase-dense pools (paracrystals), which concurrently shrink in size, thus reestablishing normal network morphology and motility. We conclude that the MT cytoskeleton in Allogromia reticulopodia is transfonned during withdrawal into a tubulin-containing paracrystal, which serves as a temporary reservoir of MT protein and an initiation site for MT regrowth.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060403
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary cilia cycle in PtK1 cells: Effects of colcemid and taxol on cilia formation and resorption (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 7 (1987), S. 187-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: mitosis ; centrosome ; centriole ; cytoplasmic microtubules ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of colcemid (0.16-1.0 μM) and taxol (10 μM) on the primary cilia cycle in PtK1 cells were studied by antitubulin immunofluorescence microscopy and by high-voltage electron microscopy of serial 0.25-μm sections. Although these dings induce a fully characteristic rearrangement (taxol) or disassembly (colcemid) of cytoplasmic microtubulcs, neither affects the structure of primary cilia formed prior to the treatment or the resorption of primary cilia during the initial stages of mitosis. Cells arrested in mitosis by taxol or colcemid remain in mitosis for 5-7 h at 37°C and then form 4N “micronucleated” restitution nuclei. Formation of primary cilia in these micronucleated cells is blocked by colcemid in a concentration-dependent fashion: normal cilia with expanded (ie, bulbed) distal ends form at the lower (0.16-0.25 μM) concentrations, while both cilia formation and centriole replication are inhibited at the higher (≥ 1.0 μM) concentrations. However, even in the presence of 1.0 μM colcemid, existing centrioles acquire the appendages characteristically associated with ciliating centrioles and attach to the dorsal cell surface. Continuous treatment with colcemid thus produces a population of cells enriched for the early stages of primary cilia formation. Micronucleated cells formed from a continuous taxol treatment contain two normal centriole pairs, and one or both parenting centrioles possess a primary cilium. Taxol, which has been reported to stabilize microtubules in vitro, does not inhibit the cell-cycle-dependent assembly and disassembly of axonemal microtubules in vivo.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970070302
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of semithick sections: Advantages for biomedical research (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 2 (1985), S. 11-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Semithick sections ; Three-dimensional ; Serial sections ; Stereomicroscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Many transmission electron microscopes are available which can be used to examine biological material in 0.25-0.50-μm-thick sections. When compared to the traditional thin section, these “semithick” sections possess a number of inherent advantages: They can be screened for content with the phase contrast light microscope, they facilitate many types of studies requiring an analysis of serial sections, and they are frequently the optimum thickness for stereomicroscopy. Structures such as microtubule-associated components, as well as structural relationships between cellular constituents, may also be clearly visible in semithick sections which are not visible, or go unnoticed, in thin sections. Together these advantages enable an investigator to obtain a more complete three-dimensional picture of a cell or cell component in a significantly (i.e., up to 90%) shorter period of time than would be required if thin sections were used. Semithick sections may, therefore, make a study feasible which is not approachable, or which is approachable only with great difficulty, by conventional thin sectioning techniques.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060020103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of glass fibers as an alternative to hair tools (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 2 (1985), S. 259-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060020310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of glass fibers as an alternative to hair tools (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 2 (1985), S. 395-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060020410
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  • 10
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    The disassembly and reassembly of functional centrosomes in vitro (1998)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-08-04
    Description: Animal cells contain a single centrosome that nucleates and organizes a polarized array of microtubules which functions in many cellular processes. In most cells the centrosome is composed of two centrioles surrounded by an ill-defined “cloud” of pericentriolar material. Recently, γ-tubulin-containing 25-nm diameter ring structures have been identified as likely microtubule nucleation sites within the pericentriolar material of isolated centrosomes. Here we demonstrate that when Spisula centrosomes are extracted with 1.0 M KI they lose their microtubule nucleation potential and appear by three-dimensional electron microscopy as a complex lattice, built from 12- to 15-nm thick elementary fiber(s), that lack centrioles and 25-nm rings. Importantly, when these remnants are incubated in extracts prepared from Spisula oocytes they recover their 25-nm rings, γ-tubulin, and microtubule nucleation potential. This recovery process occurs in the absence of microtubules, divalent cations, and nucleotides. Thus, in animals the centrosome is structurally organized around a KI-insoluble filament-based “centromatrix” that serves as a scaffold to which those proteins required for microtubule nucleation bind, either directly or indirectly, in a divalent cation and nucleotide independent manner.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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