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  • 1995-1999  (13)
  • 1985-1989  (15)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
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  • 1
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    Increased insulin sensitivity and obesity resistance in mice lacking the protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B gene (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-05
    Description: Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B) has been implicated in the negative regulation of insulin signaling. Disruption of the mouse homolog of the gene encoding PTP-1B yielded healthy mice that, in the fed state, had blood glucose concentrations that were slightly lower and concentrations of circulating insulin that were one-half those of their PTP-1B+/+ littermates. The enhanced insulin sensitivity of the PTP-1B-/- mice was also evident in glucose and insulin tolerance tests. The PTP-1B-/- mice showed increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor in liver and muscle tissue after insulin injection in comparison to PTP-1B+/+ mice. On a high-fat diet, the PTP-1B-/- and PTP-1B+/- mice were resistant to weight gain and remained insulin sensitive, whereas the PTP-1B+/+ mice rapidly gained weight and became insulin resistant. These results demonstrate that PTP-1B has a major role in modulating both insulin sensitivity and fuel metabolism, thereby establishing it as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Elchebly, M -- Payette, P -- Michaliszyn, E -- Cromlish, W -- Collins, S -- Loy, A L -- Normandin, D -- Cheng, A -- Himms-Hagen, J -- Chan, C C -- Ramachandran, C -- Gresser, M J -- Tremblay, M L -- Kennedy, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Mar 5;283(5407):1544-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Drummond Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10066179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage ; Gene Targeting ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Insulin/blood/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins ; Insulin Resistance ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Obesity/*metabolism/therapy ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Osmotic adaptation by gram-negative bacteria: possible role for periplasmic oligosaccharides (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-03
    Description: The cyclic (1----2)-beta-D-glucans produced by species of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium resemble the membrane-derived oligosaccharides of Escherichia coli in their periplasmic localization, intermediate size, and (1----2)-beta-D-glucan backbones. The regulation of the biosynthesis of cyclic (1----2)-beta-D-glucan by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is now shown to parallel the osmotic regulation of membrane-derived oligosaccharide biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. This result suggests a general role for periplasmic oligosaccharides in the osmotic adaptation of Gram-negative bacteria as ecologically diverse as enteric and soil bacteria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, K J -- Kennedy, E P -- Reinhold, V N -- GM10012-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM19822/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM22057/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 3;231(4733):48-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941890" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Glucans/analysis ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/analysis/*physiology ; Oligosaccharides/*physiology ; Osmotic Pressure ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Alignment of rat cardionatrin sequences with the preprocardionatrin sequence from complementary DNA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: Mammalian atria contain peptides that promote the excretion of salt and water from the kidney. When rat atrial tissue is extracted under conditions known to inhibit proteolysis, four natriuretic peptides, cardionatrins I to IV, are consistently isolated. These peptides derive from a common precursor, preprocardionatrin, of 152 amino acids, whose sequence was determined by DNA sequencing of a complementary DNA clone. Amino acid sequencing located the start points of cardionatrins I, III, and IV in the overall sequence. Cardionatrin IV most closely resembles procardionatrin because it begins immediately after the signal sequence at residue 25. Cardionatrin III begins at residue 73, and cardionatrin I, sequenced previously, begins at residue 123. Compositional analysis indicated that each of these cardionatrins extends up to tyrosine at position 150 but lacks the terminal two arginine residues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, T G -- Davies, P L -- Kennedy, B P -- de Bold, M L -- de Bold, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3157217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Base Sequence ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA/*genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; *Peptide Fragments ; Protein Precursors/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    California Continental Margin Map Series: ABSTRACT (1986)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists
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  • 5
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    Edge-Detection Processing in Finding Subtle Oil Traps in Complex Stratigraphic and Structural Environments: ABSTRACT (1986)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual multiparameter radar observations of intense convective storms: The 24 June 1992 case study (1996)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 59 (1996), S. 3-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary Data from two multiparameter radars are used to diagnose some microphysical characteristics of intense convective storms, in particular, the 24 June 1992 case near Fort Collins and Greeley, Colorado. Dual-polarization and dual-frequency radar measurements from the CSU-CHILL and NCAR/CP-2 radars provided the basis for microphysical interpretations. Supporting in-situ measurements were provided by several T-28 aircraft penetrations of updraft regions. Limited dual-Doppler synthesis as well as surface mesoscale features showed persistent regions of convergence and advection of moist air along the northeast side of the storm complex. The Fort Collins storm was analyzed in detail over its duration including an intercomparison of rainfall rates from raingage and as deduced from specific differential phase and attenuation measurements. Vertical sections of radar data taken parallel and perpendicular to the surface convergence axis showed interesting features such as positiveZ dr and attenuation columns with an LDR ‘cap’ on the inflow side. Such columns provide evidence of the important role of warm cloud processes in this storm. NCAR/CP-2 radar data from a multi-cellular storm in central Florida are also analyzed as a contrast to the 24 June Colorado case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01031999
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and its relationship to environmental parameters and herd origin (Cervidae) (1987)
    Springer
    Genetica 74 (1987), S. 189-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Allozyme variation was examined in 1571 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 29 localities in Tennessee by starch gel electrophoresis. For 11 polymorphic loci, sex-related, age-related and temporal differences were minimal. However, significant spatial hererogeneity was evident in genotypes (contingency table results), allele frequencies (F ST=0.057) and heterozygosity. Heterozygosity ranged from 16.9% to 26.8% with a mean of 22.9%. The spatial pattern of allele frequencies determined from Rogers' coefficients of genetic similarity indicated associations based on geographic proximity and stocking history. In hierarchial analyses, physiographic regions accounted for more of the total gene diversity than herd origin groups (populations of similar origin) but less than individual populations. For five loci, physiographic regions accounted for more of the gene diversity than populations, suggesting a selection role in the observed genetic variability. Bivariate and canonical correlation analyses revealed significant associations between environmental and genetic variables. Temperature variables and allele frequencies for three loci (alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase) had the prominent roles in the multivariate association between environmental and genetic variables. Herd origin, gene flow and selection appear to be involved in the gene diversity in deer from Tennesee.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00056114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strategic agricultural trade policy interdependence and the exchange rate: A game theoretic analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Public choice 88 (1996), S. 43-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7101
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Strategic Agricultural Trade Policy Interdependence is modeled using a game theoretic framework. The model distinguishes between the European Community, the United States and a politically passive rest-of-the-world. Particular emphasis is placed on the effect of the exchange rate on the equilibrium outcome of this game. Without compensatory payments to those with the highest political influence, the results suggest that only modest reform is possible. With compensation, liberalization occurs but free trade is not obtained. Simulations also indicate that the U.S. gains incentive to reduce protection given a depreciation of the dollar, while incentive to liberalize trade policies decreases as the dollar appreciates. Research was supported by Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station project 14065 “Economic Integration and Disintegration in Europe: Implications for U.S. Agriculture.”
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00130408
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality control of analyses of mercury in hair (1988)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 332 (1988), S. 620-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A quality control programme for mercury determinations in hair was developed within a study of “Mental effects of prenatal methylmercury exposure in New Zealand children”. Hair was obtained from seven females with a mercury concentration of about 0.5–4 μg Hg/g. The hair was cut into 1–5 cm pieces and pulverized by liquid nitrogen grinding using a ring mill. In order to obtain a series of QC samples with varying Hg concentrations, different amounts of powder from all the samples and a reference sample of pulverized hair (11.2 μg Hg/g) were mixed using a Braun Mikrodismembrator II. To eliminate static electricity when weighing the material, an alpha-ionization unit, Po210 was placed close to the pan within the analytical balance. The mercury concentrations in the original samples and the mixtures were determined by radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA), at the Swedish Environmental Research Institute. In total four laboratories participated in the interlaboratory comparison. All laboratories used the cold vapor AAS technique and Hg monitor model 1235, LDC for determinations after wet digestion of the samples. The accuracy of RNAA was established using the Ispra reference hair sample T4 and the IAEA reference hair sample HH1. There was good agreement between found and expected Hg values for the hair mixtures. Following the first rounds of analyses, two laboratories showed analytical improvements after introduction of a Po-210 unit into the chamber of the analytical balance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00472654
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  • 10
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    Latent varicella-zoster virus is located predominantly in neurons in human trigeminal ganglia (1998)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-04-14
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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