ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

An improved optical technique for monitoring plant cell concentration (2000)

James, E. ; Lee, J. M.

Springer

Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 283-285

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ISSN: 1432-203X

Keywords: Key words Dry cell weight ; Turbidity ; Plant cells ; Optical method

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract An improved optical method was developed to determine cell weight concentrations using a micro-plate reader. Light absorbance was measured by a vertical light beam, which can minimize the cell settling effect found in traditional optical measurements with a horizontal light beam. The use of well plates not only requires very small sample sizes, but also handles a large number of samples at the same time. Absorbance measurements were linearly related to cell weight over the full range of batch culture growth.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050013

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2

Electronic Resource

Fuzzy Rule Based Prediction System of Surface Damage in the Laser Cleaning Process (2000)

Lee, J. M. ; Watkins, K. G. ; Steen, W. M.

Springer

The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology 16 (2000), S. 649-655

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ISSN: 1433-3015

Keywords: Keywords: Acoustic wave; Fuzzy rule based expert system; Laser cleaning; Prediction of surface damage; Process control algorithm

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: During laser cleaning, surface damage on the substrate could easily occur by overexposure to a laser pulse of high fluence. Successful cleaning without surface damage can be achieved by skilled operators with long experience and good technique. This paper presents a fuzzy rule based expert system to predict surface damage during laser cleaning in the same way as a human expert. In this work, a fuzzy rule base was used to embed the acoustic information, which gives an indication of both progress in cleaning and the result. This is achieved by a wide-band microphone. An inference process was conducted to predict whether and how much surface damage would be induced on the substrate. Tests of the performance of the fuzzy system showed that the prediction of surface damage is well correlated with the actual results, independent of initial surface conditions. Based on the prediction of surface damage, the process control algorithm of laser cleaning has been developed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001700070035

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3

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Conservation of the elastic and flexural moduli of osteopenic femoral cortical bone in experimental inflammatory arthritis in the rabbit* (2000)

Moran, E. ; Lee, J. M. ; Bogoch, E. R.

Springer

Journal of materials science 11 (2000), S. 561-568

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ISSN: 1573-4838

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine , Technology

Notes: Abstract Experimental inflammatory arthritis (EIA) produced by carrageenan injection provokes a rapid bone remodeling state with cortical and cancellous bone loss. The objective of this study was to determine whether changes in cortical mechanical properties and/or geometry occur in long bones, either near or remote to the site of inflammation. EIA was induced in the right tibio-femoral joint of rabbits over 56 days. The right humerus and right femur from 15 normal and 25 arthritis group animals were excized. Semi-cylindrical specimens of the medial cortical shaft were subjected to non-destructive four-point bending tests. Transverse sections at the four contact sites of the loading jig were photographed and digitized to obtain average cross-sectional area (A) and moment of inertia (I). Moment of inertia and slope of the load/deflection curve permitted calculation of modulus of elasticity (E) for each specimen. Load/time curves were also used to calculate per cent stress remaining in relaxation experiments. Per cent stress remaining, E, A, I and $$.......CONVERSION........$$ \sqrt {{\text{I/A}}} (radius of gyration) were examined for differences by bone (humerus, femur) and by treatment (N,A) using two way ANOVA. The induction of inflammatory arthritis did not significantly alter the modulus of elasticity in either the femur or humerus; however, arthritis reduced the moment of inertia from $${\text{34}}{\text{.54}} \pm {\text{2}}{\text{.88}} \times {\text{10}}^{ - {\text{12}}} {\text{m}}^{\text{4}} {\text{ to 25}}{\text{.06}} \pm {\text{1}}{\text{.80}}^{ - 12} {\text{m}}^{\text{4}} ({\text{mean}} \pm {\text{SEM,}}p 〈 0.05)$$ . This was observed in the femur (near the arthritic joint), but not in the humerus (remote from arthritic joint). Analysis of area and ratio I/A demonstrated that this geometric effect of treatment was due to reduced area without gross cross-sectional shape changes. Per cent stress remaining in the femur (but not in the humerus) was higher in the arthritis specimens than in the normal specimens $$\left( {{\text{N:}}\;{\text{80}}{\text{.86}} \pm {\text{0}}{\text{.97}}\% ;\;{\text{A:}}\;{\text{83}}{\text{.25}} \pm {\text{0}}{\text{.71}}\% ,\;{\text{p}} 〈 0.05} \right)$$ . Thus, in this arthritis model, the principal mechanical or geometric effect on cortical bone was reduction of the cross-sectional area and moment of inertia. The viscoelastic relaxation response of bone was also altered, perhaps due to loss of water or collagen degradation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008976118934

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4

Electronic Resource

Scribing and cutting a blue LED wafer using a Q-switched. Nd:YAG laser (2000)

Lee, J.-M. ; Jang, J.-H. ; Yoo, T.-K.

Springer

Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 561-564

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ISSN: 1432-0630

Keywords: PACS: 42.62; 85.60.J; 52.75.R

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Abstract. Sapphire wafer is found to be scribed and cut freely by plasma from a metal surface on which a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser beam is focused through the wafer. The wafer is scribed enough to be cut using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with the average power of 5 W at atmospheric environment without a vacuum chamber. This method is successfully applied to split each device from a blue LED wafer including about 10000 blue LED devices grown on a sapphire wafer.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051080

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