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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence from the Parana of south Brazil for a continental contribution to Dupal basalts (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 322 (1986), S. 356-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Parana is one of the largest known continental flood basalt provinces (106km2). Most age determinations cluster around 130-120 Myr (ref. 3), so that the Parana appears to be contemporaneous with the Etendeka volcanics in Namibia4 and the opening of the South Atlantic5. The Parana rocks range ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/322356a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The transition from calc-alkaline to potassic orogenic magmatism in the Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy (1988)
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 50 (1988), S. 386-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Aeolian volcanic arc displays a wide range of magmatic products. Mafic lavas range from hypersthene normative calc-alkaline basalts to silica-undersaturated potassic absarokites, although the former are spatially and temporally dominant, consistent with the subduction-zone tectonic setting. In addition, intermediate and acidic members of the various fractionation series may be recognised. Large variations in trace element and isotope ratios accompany the rapid calc-alkaline to potassic transition, and it is argued that these may be largely explained in terms of subduction-zone mantle enrichment involving components derived from both basaltic ocean crust and subducted sediments. In addition, it seems that the mantle wedge itself was substantially heterogeneous prior to the onset of subduction zone processes. Not only are these subduction components similar to those proposed in a number of island arcs, but they also resemble those recognised in the ultra-potassic lavas of the Roman province, supporting recent subduction-related petrogenetic models of the Roman magmatism. Although subducted sediment plays an important role in the generation of some potassic magmatism, it is not uniquely responsible for K2O-rich lavas, which are also produced without a large sediment contribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050638
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sampling the lithosphere (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 342 (1989), S. 743-743 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Two recent contributions to Nature12 highlight the importance of the continen-tal lithospheric mantle to contemporary geochemistry. It is of interest both because it may represent a significant repository of incompatible trace elements that must be included in any model of the Earth's ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/342743a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Episodic growth of the Gondwana supercontinent from hafnium and oxygen isotopes in zircon (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 439 (2006), S. 580-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It is thought that continental crust existed as early as 150 million years after planetary accretion, but assessing the rates and processes of subsequent crustal growth requires linking the apparently contradictory information from the igneous and sedimentary rock records. For example, the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04505
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the continental crust (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 443 (2006), S. 811-817 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The continental crust covers nearly a third of the Earth’s surface. It is buoyant—being less dense than the crust under the surrounding oceans—and is compositionally evolved, dominating the Earth’s budget for those elements that preferentially partition into silicate liquid ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05191
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elemental and isotopic variations in subduction related basalts: evidence for a three component model (1988)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 98 (1988), S. 72-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Subduction related basalts display wide ranges in large ion lithophile element ratios (e.g., Rb/Ba and Rb/ Sr) which are unlikely to result from mixing, but suggest a role for small degree partial melting of a relatively Rb-poor mantle wedge source. However, these variations do not correlate with other trace element criteria, such as the depletions of high field strength elements (HFSE) and light rare earth elements (LREE) relative to the LILE, which characterise subduction related magmatism. Integration of radiogenic isotope and trace element data demonstrates that the elemental enrichment cannot be simply related to two component mixtures inferred from isotopic variations. Thus a minimum of three components is required to describe the geochemistry of subduction zone basalts. Two are subduction related: high Sr/Nd material is derived from the dehydration of subducted basaltic ocean crust, and a low Sr/Nd component is thought to be from subducted terrigenous sediment. The third component is in the mantle wedge, it is usually similar to the source of MORB, particularly in its isotopic composition. However, in some cases, notably continental areas, more enriched mantle wedge material with relatively high 87Sr/86Sr, low 143Nd/144Nd and elevated incompatible trace element contents may be involved Mixing of these three components is capable of producing both the entire range of Sr, Nd and Pb isotope signatures observed in destructive margin basalts, and their distinctive trace element compositions. The isotope differences between Atlantic and Pacific island arc basalts are attributed to the isotope compositions of sediments in the two oceans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00371911
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The geochemistry of potassic lavas from Vulsini, central Italy and implications for mantle enrichment processes beneath the Roman region (1985)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 90 (1985), S. 244-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Major and trace element and 143Nd/144Nd (0.51209–0.51216) and 87Sr/86Sr (0.70879–0.71105) isotope analyses are presented on a representative group of lavas from the Vulsini district of the Roman magmatic province. Three distinct series are identified; the high-K and low-K series are similar to those described from other Italian volcanoes, while the third is represented by a group of relative ly undifferentiated leucite basanites which are thought to be near-primary mantle melts. Major and trace element variations within the high-K series are consistent with fractional crystallisation from a parental magma similar to the most magnesian leucitites. Crustal contamination resulted in an increase in 87Sr/86Sr with increasing fractionation, but it was superimposed on magmas which had already inherited a range of incompatible element and isotope ratios from enrichment processes in the sub-continental mantle. These are reviewed using the available results from Vulsini, Roccamonfina and Ernici. Transition element abundances and Ta/Yb ratios indicate that the pre-enrichment mantle was similar to that of E-type MORB, and that these elements were not mobilised by the enrichment process. Mixing calculations suggest that three components were involved in the enrichment process; mantle comparable with the source of MORB, and two other components rich in trace elements. One, the low-K component, had high Sr/Nd, Th/Ta and Ba/Nb and no europium anomaly while the second had lower Sr/Nd, a negative europium anomaly and very high Th/Ta. It was also characterised by low Nb/Ba and high Rb/Ba ratios, similar to those reported from phlogopite-rich peridotite xenoliths. The trace element enrichment processes are therefore thought to have occurred in the mantle wedge above a subduction zone with the trace element characteristics of the high-K end-member reflecting the subduction of sediments and the stabilisation of mantle phlogopite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378265
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Petrogenesis of rhyolites and trachytes from the Deccan Trap: Sr, Nd and Pb isotope and trace element evidence (1987)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 95 (1987), S. 44-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Trachytes and rhyolites from Salsette Island, north of Bombay, have distinctive trace element and isotope features which mark them out from typical crustal melts. Their highly incompatible trace element and Sr-, Nd and Pb isotope ratios are similar to those of the associated Deccan flood basalts. Thus the rhyolites and trachytes are closely related to the basalts, and a striking compositional gap between 50 and 65% SiO2 suggests that the high SiO2 rocks evolved by 10–15% partial melting followed by variable amounts of fractional crystallisation. The source material could have been basalt within the Deccan Trap, or related gabbroic rocks in deep crustal sill complexes. The rhyolites yield an Rb-Sr whole rock age of 61.5±1.9 Ma, with a slightly high initial 87Sr/86Sr=0.7085±18. It is argued that crustal extension provides a suitable regime for the generation of acid magmas by partial melting of associated basic rocks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00518029
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  • 9
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    Geochemical evolution of the Juan Fernandez Islands, SE Pacific (1987)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 10
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    The volcanism of southern Italy: Role of subduction and the relationship between potassic and sodic alkaline magmatism (1989)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-04-10
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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