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  • 1
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    A Drosophila mechanosensory transduction channel (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-04-01
    Description: Mechanosensory transduction underlies a wide range of senses, including proprioception, touch, balance, and hearing. The pivotal element of these senses is a mechanically gated ion channel that transduces sound, pressure, or movement into changes in excitability of specialized sensory cells. Despite the prevalence of mechanosensory systems, little is known about the molecular nature of the transduction channels. To identify such a channel, we analyzed Drosophila melanogaster mechanoreceptive mutants for defects in mechanosensory physiology. Loss-of-function mutations in the no mechanoreceptor potential C (nompC) gene virtually abolished mechanosensory signaling. nompC encodes a new ion channel that is essential for mechanosensory transduction. As expected for a transduction channel, D. melanogaster NOMPC and a Caenorhabditis elegans homolog were selectively expressed in mechanosensory organs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, R G -- Willingham, A T -- Zuker, C S -- 5T32GM08107/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 24;287(5461):2229-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego,CA 92093-0649, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10744543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/physiology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Dendrites/physiology ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, Insect ; Hair Cells, Auditory/physiology ; Insect Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Ion Channels/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Neurons, Afferent/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Physical Stimulation ; Proprioception ; Sensation/physiology ; Sense Organs/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Touch ; Transient Receptor Potential Channels
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    The cells and peripheral representation of sodium taste in mice (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-29
    Description: Salt taste in mammals can trigger two divergent behavioural responses. In general, concentrated saline solutions elicit robust behavioural aversion, whereas low concentrations of NaCl are typically attractive, particularly after sodium depletion. Notably, the attractive salt pathway is selectively responsive to sodium and inhibited by amiloride, whereas the aversive one functions as a non-selective detector for a wide range of salts. Because amiloride is a potent inhibitor of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), ENaC has been proposed to function as a component of the salt-taste-receptor system. Previously, we showed that four of the five basic taste qualities-sweet, sour, bitter and umami-are mediated by separate taste-receptor cells (TRCs) each tuned to a single taste modality, and wired to elicit stereotypical behavioural responses. Here we show that sodium sensing is also mediated by a dedicated population of TRCs. These taste cells express the epithelial sodium channel ENaC, and mediate behavioural attraction to NaCl. We genetically engineered mice lacking ENaCalpha in TRCs, and produced animals exhibiting a complete loss of salt attraction and sodium taste responses. Together, these studies substantiate independent cellular substrates for all five basic taste qualities, and validate the essential role of ENaC for sodium taste in mice.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849629/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2849629/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandrashekar, Jayaram -- Kuhn, Christina -- Oka, Yuki -- Yarmolinsky, David A -- Hummler, Edith -- Ryba, Nicholas J P -- Zuker, Charles S -- R01 DC003160/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- R01 DC003160-05/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- Z01 DE000561-13/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 11;464(7286):297-301. doi: 10.1038/nature08783. Epub 2010 Jan 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0649, USA〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20107438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/physiology ; Epithelial Sodium Channels/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Sodium/*physiology ; Taste/*genetics ; Taste Buds/cytology/metabolism/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    A gustotopic map of taste qualities in the mammalian brain (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: The taste system is one of our fundamental senses, responsible for detecting and responding to sweet, bitter, umami, salty, and sour stimuli. In the tongue, the five basic tastes are mediated by separate classes of taste receptor cells each finely tuned to a single taste quality. We explored the logic of taste coding in the brain by examining how sweet, bitter, umami, and salty qualities are represented in the primary taste cortex of mice. We used in vivo two-photon calcium imaging to demonstrate topographic segregation in the functional architecture of the gustatory cortex. Each taste quality is represented in its own separate cortical field, revealing the existence of a gustotopic map in the brain. These results expose the basic logic for the central representation of taste.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3523322/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3523322/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Xiaoke -- Gabitto, Mariano -- Peng, Yueqing -- Ryba, Nicholas J P -- Zuker, Charles S -- Z01 DE000561-15/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Z01 DE000561-16/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA DE000561-17/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA DE000561-18/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA DE000561-19/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1262-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1204076.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885776" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afferent Pathways ; Animals ; *Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Cycloheximide ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Molecular Imaging ; Neurons/*physiology ; Sodium Chloride ; Sodium Glutamate ; Sweetening Agents ; Taste/*physiology ; Taste Buds/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Visual place learning in Drosophila melanogaster (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-10
    Description: The ability of insects to learn and navigate to specific locations in the environment has fascinated naturalists for decades. The impressive navigational abilities of ants, bees, wasps and other insects demonstrate that insects are capable of visual place learning, but little is known about the underlying neural circuits that mediate these behaviours. Drosophila melanogaster (common fruit fly) is a powerful model organism for dissecting the neural circuitry underlying complex behaviours, from sensory perception to learning and memory. Drosophila can identify and remember visual features such as size, colour and contour orientation. However, the extent to which they use vision to recall specific locations remains unclear. Here we describe a visual place learning platform and demonstrate that Drosophila are capable of forming and retaining visual place memories to guide selective navigation. By targeted genetic silencing of small subsets of cells in the Drosophila brain, we show that neurons in the ellipsoid body, but not in the mushroom bodies, are necessary for visual place learning. Together, these studies reveal distinct neuroanatomical substrates for spatial versus non-spatial learning, and establish Drosophila as a powerful model for the study of spatial memories.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3169673/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3169673/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ofstad, Tyler A -- Zuker, Charles S -- Reiser, Michael B -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jun 8;474(7350):204-7. doi: 10.1038/nature10131.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21654803" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/cytology/physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology ; Cues ; Drosophila melanogaster/anatomy & histology/cytology/*physiology ; Female ; Glass ; Learning/*physiology ; Locomotion/physiology ; Memory/physiology ; Models, Animal ; Models, Neurological ; Mushroom Bodies ; Odors ; Orientation/physiology ; Silicon Dioxide ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    High salt recruits aversive taste pathways (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-15
    Description: In the tongue, distinct classes of taste receptor cells detect the five basic tastes; sweet, sour, bitter, sodium salt and umami. Among these qualities, bitter and sour stimuli are innately aversive, whereas sweet and umami are appetitive and generally attractive to animals. By contrast, salty taste is unique in that increasing salt concentration fundamentally transforms an innately appetitive stimulus into a powerfully aversive one. This appetitive-aversive balance helps to maintain appropriate salt consumption, and represents an important part of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. We have shown previously that the appetitive responses to NaCl are mediated by taste receptor cells expressing the epithelial sodium channel, ENaC, but the cellular substrate for salt aversion was unknown. Here we examine the cellular and molecular basis for the rejection of high concentrations of salts. We show that high salt recruits the two primary aversive taste pathways by activating the sour- and bitter-taste-sensing cells. We also demonstrate that genetic silencing of these pathways abolishes behavioural aversion to concentrated salt, without impairing salt attraction. Notably, mice devoid of salt-aversion pathways show unimpeded, continuous attraction even to very high concentrations of NaCl. We propose that the 'co-opting' of sour and bitter neural pathways evolved as a means to ensure that high levels of salt reliably trigger robust behavioural rejection, thus preventing its potentially detrimental effects on health.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3587117/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3587117/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oka, Yuki -- Butnaru, Matthew -- von Buchholtz, Lars -- Ryba, Nicholas J P -- Zuker, Charles S -- ZIA DE000561-18/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA DE000561-19/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA DE000561-20/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Feb 28;494(7438):472-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11905. Epub 2013 Feb 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23407495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetite/drug effects/genetics/physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects/physiology ; Gene Silencing ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation/genetics ; Phospholipase C beta/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; TRPM Cation Channels/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Taste/*drug effects/genetics/*physiology ; Taste Buds/cytology/*drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    The neural representation of taste quality at the periphery (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-11
    Description: The mammalian taste system is responsible for sensing and responding to the five basic taste qualities: sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami. Previously, we showed that each taste is detected by dedicated taste receptor cells (TRCs) on the tongue and palate epithelium. To understand how TRCs transmit information to higher neural centres, we examined the tuning properties of large ensembles of neurons in the first neural station of the gustatory system. Here, we generated and characterized a collection of transgenic mice expressing a genetically encoded calcium indicator in central and peripheral neurons, and used a gradient refractive index microendoscope combined with high-resolution two-photon microscopy to image taste responses from ganglion neurons buried deep at the base of the brain. Our results reveal fine selectivity in the taste preference of ganglion neurons; demonstrate a strong match between TRCs in the tongue and the principal neural afferents relaying taste information to the brain; and expose the highly specific transfer of taste information between taste cells and the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4297533/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4297533/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barretto, Robert P J -- Gillis-Smith, Sarah -- Chandrashekar, Jayaram -- Yarmolinsky, David A -- Schnitzer, Mark J -- Ryba, Nicholas J P -- Zuker, Charles S -- ZIA DE000561-22/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jan 15;517(7534):373-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13873. Epub 2014 Nov 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and of Neuroscience, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA. ; Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA. ; James H. Clark Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. ; 1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and of Neuroscience, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA [2] Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25383521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Geniculate Ganglion/*cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neurons/*physiology ; Taste/*physiology ; Taste Buds/cytology/physiology ; Taste Perception/*physiology ; Tongue/cytology/innervation/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    The ryanodine receptor is essential for larval development in Drosophila melanogaster (2000)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-16
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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