ALBERT

Description: Biogeochemical parameters collected on RRS Discovery cruise DY080 in June 2017 through two mid-high latitude North Atlantic eddies. Includes macronutrient concentrations, dissolved iron and dissolved manganese, phytoplankton chlorophyll-a, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, biogenic silicate, flow cytometry cell counts, temperature and salinity.

Description: Current velocities of the upper water column along the cruise track of R/V Meteor III cruise MET187 were collected by a vessel-mounted 75 kHz RDI Workhorse Long Ranger ADCP. The ADCP transducer was located at 5.0 m below the water line. The instrument was operated in broadband mode (WM1) with two different configurations: (1 - corresponding to met_187_vmadcp_75khz_01.nc) bin size: 5.0 m, blanking distance: 2.0 m, number of bins: 128, vertical range: 12.0 m - 647.0 m; (2 - corresponding to met_187_vmadcp_75khz_0[2,3].nc) bin size: 8.0 m, blanking distance: 4.0 m, number of bins: 100, vertical range: 17.0 - 809.0 m. Heading, pitch and roll data from the ship's motion reference unit and the navigation data from the Global Positioning systems were used by the data acquisition software VmDAS internally to convert ADCP velocities into earth coordinates. Single-ping data / ping ensembles were screened for bottom signals and, where appropriate, a bottom mask was manually processed. The ship's velocity was calculated from position fixes obtained by the Global Positioning System (GPS). Accuracy of the ADCP velocities mainly depends on the quality of the position fixes and the ship's heading data. Further errors stem from a misalignment of the transducer with the ship's centerline. For technical reasons, the transducer was lifted from the moonpool on February 18th, 2023. Therefore, two separate calibrations were carried out: Data post-processing included water track calibration of the misalignment angle and scale factor of the Ocean Surveyor signal. For technical reasons, the transducer was lifted from the moonpool on February 18th, 2023. Therefore, two separate calibrations were carried out: prior February 18th, 2023 (corresponding to met_187_vmadcp_75khz_0[1,2].nc): misalignment angle of -41.8717° +/- 0.4333° (0.5755°), scale factor of 1.0001 +/- 0.0064 (0.0079); after February 18th, 2023 (corresponding to met_187_vmadcp_75khz_03.nc): misalignment angle of -41.8071° +/- 0.5600°, scale factor of 0.9971 +/- 0.0074. The velocity data were averaged in time using an average interval of 60 s. Velocity quality flagging is based on following threshold criteria: abs(UC) or abs(VC) 〉 1.5 m/s, rms(UC_z) or rms(VC_z) 〉 0.3.

Description: Underway temperature and salinity data was collected along the cruise track with two autonomous thermosalinograph (TSG) systems, each consisting of a SBE21 TSG together with a SBE38 Thermometer. Both systems worked independent from each other throughout the cruise. While temperature is taken at the water inlet in about 5 m depth, salinity is estimated within the interior TSG from conductivity and interior temperature. No correction against independent data was performed for temperature. Salinity was calibrated against independent water samples. Finally, TSG1 was chosen for publication. For details to all processing steps see Data Processing Report.

Description: Current velocities of the upper water column along the cruise track of R/V Meteor III cruise MET187 were collected by a vessel-mounted 38 kHz RDI Ocean Surveyor ADCP. The ADCP transducer was located at 5.0 m below the water line. The instrument was operated in narrowband mode (WM10) with a bin size of 16.00 m, a blanking distance of 16.00 m, and a total of 100 bins, covering the depth range between 37.0 m and 1621.0 m. Heading, pitch and roll data from the ship's motion reference unit and the navigation data from the Global Positioning systems were used by the data acquisition software VmDAS internally to convert ADCP velocities into earth coordinates. Measured velocities and bin-depth mapping were corrected due to occasional incorrect temperature measurements at the transducer that affected the sound velocity calculation. Corrected sound velocity values were derived using temperature measured by the ship's thermosalinograph. Single-ping data / ping ensembles were screened for bottom signals and, where appropriate, a bottom mask was manually processed. The ship's velocity was calculated from position fixes obtained by the Global Positioning System (GPS). Accuracy of the ADCP velocities mainly depends on the quality of the position fixes and the ship's heading data. Further errors stem from a misalignment of the transducer with the ship's centerline. Data post-processing included water track calibration of the misalignment angle (-44.8220° +/- 0.6351°) and scale factor (1.0046 +/- 0.0109) of the Ocean Surveyor signal. The velocity data were averaged in time using an average interval of 60 s. Velocity quality flagging is based on following threshold criteria: abs(UC) or abs(VC) 〉 1.5 m/s, rms(UC_z) or rms(VC_z) 〉 0.3.

Description: Water clarity and color were observed during the RV METEOR cruise M187 (ReSEAt, 25.01.2023 - 04.03.2023, Walvis Bay, Namibia - Walvis Bay, Namibia) using a white Secchi disc with a diameter of 40 cm and a Forel-Ule color scale. The Secchi depth (SD) was recorded as a relative measure of water clarity at each in situ station during day time. At half SD the apparent color of the water above the submerged Secchi disc was determined using the Forel-Ule color scale. A Forel-Ule color scale is a classic tools used to differentiate the percieved color of water based on a scale from 1 (indigo blue) to 21 (cola brown). The measurements were conducted as recemmend in literature (Garaba and Zielinski, 2015; Wernand, 2011; Wernand and van der Woerd, 2010).

Description: Raw data acquired by position sensors on board RV METEOR during expedition M187 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. During M187 the motion reference unit Kongsberg SeaTex AS MRU-5 combined with Kongsberg SeaTex AS Seapath 320 and two C and C Technologies GPS receivers C-NAV3050 were used as navigation sensors. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.bsh.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution derived from the position sensors' data selected by priority and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track.

Description: Raw data acquired by position sensors on board RV METEOR during expedition M187 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. During M187 the motion reference unit Kongsberg SeaTex AS MRU-5 combined with Kongsberg SeaTex AS Seapath 320 and two C and C Technologies GPS receivers C-NAV3050 were used as navigation sensors. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.bsh.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution derived from the position sensors' data selected by priority and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track.

Description: The main component of this data set comprises calculated inorganic iron concentrations (Fe' = sum of iron hydroxide species). Inorganic iron is the most bioavailable chemical form of Fe in the ocean. Concentrations of Fe' were calculated according to two models, which we refer to as the discrete ligand model and the continuous binding site model. The discrete ligand model, which is currently applied to calculate Fe speciation in global biogeochemical models, combines dissolved Fe concentrations, conditional stability constants and ligand concentrations to obtain inorganic iron, whilst the continuous distribution model uses the NICA-Donnan model to obtain Fe'. The data supports the manuscript "Climate change decreases biologically available iron pool in the surface ocean." In this manuscript we use the continuous binding site model to show that surface ocean Fe' is sufficient for Fe-replete phytoplankton. We apply new estimates of Fe' to a simple phytoplankton growth model to show that both Fe' and relative growth rates will decrease under the high-end future climate scenario (SSP5-8.5) in all Fe-limited ocean regions, and will mitigate current projections of increased primary productivity in Fe-limited high latitudes regions such as the Southern Ocean. Overall, we demonstrate that Fe-binding site heterogeneity is critical for iron speciation, and must be considered when predicting the response of marine primary producers to ongoing changes in ocean chemistry.

Description: Raw data acquired by position sensors on board RV METEOR during expedition M197 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. During M197 the motion reference unit Kongsberg SeaTex AS MRU-5 combined with Kongsberg SeaTex AS Seapath 320 and two C and C Technologies GPS receivers C-NAV3050 were used as navigation sensors. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.bsh.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution derived from the position sensors' data selected by priority and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track.

Description: Raw data acquired by position sensors on board RV METEOR during expedition M197 were processed to receive a validated master track which can be used as reference of further expedition data. During M197 the motion reference unit Kongsberg SeaTex AS MRU-5 combined with Kongsberg SeaTex AS Seapath 320 and two C and C Technologies GPS receivers C-NAV3050 were used as navigation sensors. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.bsh.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report. Processed data are provided as a master track with 1 sec resolution derived from the position sensors' data selected by priority and a generalized track with a reduced set of the most significant positions of the master track.