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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The present study aimed to determine the effects of lucantin red and yellow and also astaxanthin on the growth, hematological and immunological parameters, and coloration of the tiger oscar (Astronotus ocellatus). To this end, 120 fingerlings of tiger oscar were equally and randomly divided into 12 aquariums. The fish were fed with experimental diets for 8 weeks. Treatments included diets containing no pigment (control), 100 mg kg-1 lucantin red, 100 mg kg-1 lucantin yellow, and 100 mg kg-1 astaxanthin, with three replicates apiece. At the end of the trial, growth factors, hematological and immunological parameters, and coloration were measured and the obtained data were statistically analyzed. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the control group and other treatments fed with pigments in terms of growth factors (p〈0.05). However, no significant difference was found between treatments fed with pigments in this regard (p〉0.05). The results indicated no significant difference between treatments in hematological parameters (p〉0.05). The results demonstrated that there is a significant difference between the control group and other treatments in terms of lysozyme activity. In addition, a significant difference was observed between treatments 1 and 3 in this regard (p〈0.05). However, there was no significant difference between treatments in other immunological parameters (total immunoglobulin, IgM). The statistical analyses suggested no significant difference between experimental treatments in terms of total carotenoids in the blood (p〉0.05). Statistical analysis of color intensity variation revealed a significant difference between the control group and other treatments (p〈0.05). The study findings showed that lucantin red and yellow and astaxanthin can improve growth factors and coloration and increase lysozyme activity in Tiger Oscar.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Astronotus ocellatus ; Fish ; Growth ; Hematology ; Coloration ; Immunology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.798-811
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss is one of the most important cold water fishes in Iran. For successful artificial propagation of rainbow trout, the quality and quantity of brooders and sexual materials are key factors. In the present study, we investigated the age-dependent changes of reproductive efficiency. For this purpose, the brooders were divided into age classes and then three age groups of male and female (i.e. 3, 4 and 5 years old) selected randomly from each age classes. At the time of propagation, total length and weight of brooders before and after stripping, egg diameter, total weight of stripped eggs and sperm quality parameters including sperm density and spermatocrit were measured. Afterward, the brooders were crossed randomly. According to our results, the higher percentage of fertilization (%98), hatching (%96), survival (%94.5) and also the larvae with more active feeding (n= 3070) were found when the 4 year old males were crossed with 5 year old females (p〈0.05). Our results confirmed the age-dependent changes of reproductive efficiency in rainbow trout. We conclude that the cross between 4 year old males and 5 year old females of rainbow trout can enhance the reproductive efficiency.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Survival ; Fertility rate ; Fertilization ; Rainbow trout ; Age ; Density ; Sperm ; Hatching ; Larvae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 945-956
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of vitamins E (25, 30 and 35 mg kg-1), Folic Acid (1.5, 2 and 2.5 mg kg-1) and their combination on the growth performance, hematological and immunological parameters of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Each diet was fed to rainbow trout in triplicate to apparent satiation four times daily for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the final body weight (FBW), total length (TL), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate were significantly affected by treatments and the fish fed with the diet containing 35 mg kg-1 vitamin E plus 2.5 mg kg-1 of folic acid had higher values than those fish fed with the other diets. The results also indicated that hematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly influenced by the treatments. Lysozyme and immunoglobulin (IgM) concentrations were significantly influenced by the dietary treatments, fish fed with the diet supplemented with 30 mg kg-1 of vitamin E plus 2 mg kg-1 of folic acid and unsupplemented diet had higher concentrations than those fish fed with the other diets. The findings of this study suggested that trout requires 35 mg kg-1 vitamin E and 2.5 mg kg-1 folic acid for it’s normal growth and physiology.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Physiology ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Vitamin E ; Folic acid ; Rainbow trout ; Hematology ; Non-specific immunity ; Parameters ; Growth performance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.931-943
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The acute toxicity and effects of diazinon on some haematological parameters of kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901) weighing 613.33 ± 157.06 g were studied under static water quality conditions at 15 °C ± 2 ºC. These experiments were carried out based on the standard TRC, 1984 method over 4 days, and controlled for the effective water physicochemical factors having pH rangesof 7-8.2, total hardness 300 mgl-1 (caco3), dissolved oxygen 7 mgl-1. The results showed that the 96h LC50 value of diazinon was 0.4 mgl-1 and that the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) value of this toxin was 0.04 mgl-1. The second stage of experiments consisted of four treatments: LC0: 0 as blank, treatment A with a concentration of LC1: 0.107 mgl-1, treatment B with a concentration of LC5: 0.157 mgl-1, treatment C with a concentration of MAC value: 0.04 mgl-1. Male brood stocks of R. frisii were treated with these concentrations for 45 days. The results showed that long-term exposure to diazinon causes a decrease in the erythrocyte count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), leucocyte count (WBC), lymphocyte, testosterone, iron (Fe), sodium (Na), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cholinesterase (CHeS) (P〈0.05). Diazinon also causes an increase in prolymphocyte, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and adrenaline (P〈0.05). There are no significant effects on monocyte, eosinophil, magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl), glucose (BS), urea (BUN), uric acid (U.A) , triglyceride (TG), calcium (Ca), albumin (Alb), total protein (TP), cortisol , noradrenaline and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in R. frisii male brood stocks (P〉0.05). The results showed that long-term exposure to low concentrations of diazinon causes changes in some haematological and biochemical parameters of R. frisii male brood stocks .
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Diazinon ; Haematological ; Biochemical ; Rutilus frisii kutum
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.105-117
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A 60-days growth trial was conducted in a flow-through culture system to examine the effects of different dietary vitamin C and iron levels on the growth, hematological and immunological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings (with average initial weight of 5.12 ± 0.02 g). Three levels of vitamin C (150, 200 and 250 mg kg-1 diet) and iron (5, 7 and 9 mg kg-1 diet) (as ferrous sulfate) and their combination were used to prepare diets used in nine experimental treatments with three replicates. The results revealed that the supplementation of basal diet with vitamin C and iron significantly affected the final body weight (FBW), total length (TL), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). Among the haematological parameters haematocrit and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were significantly influenced by vitamin C and iron. Results also showed that lysozyme and IgM concentrations significantly changed among dietary treatments. Based on the results of this study, it can be conclude that addition of vitamin C and iron to the basal diet of cultured rainbow trout will improve the growth rate and well-being of this fish.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Physiology ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Growth performance ; Hematological and Immunological Parameters ; Vitamin C ; Iron ; Rainbow trout ; Fingerlings ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.886-897
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Pediococcus acidilactici and folic acid (FA) and their combinations on growth performance, haematological parameters and non-specific immune response of Acipenser nudiventris. 210 individuals (initial body weight: 12.84± 1.53g) were fed seven practical diets: the basal diet as the control diet was supplemented with two levels of P.acidilactici (2 and 3 g per kg diet), FA (2 and 4 mg per kg diet) and their combinations. The results showed that the group fed a combined diet of P. acidilactici and FA (4 mg FA+3 g P. acidilactici per kg diet) showed significant increase in body weight increase (BWI), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and condition factor (CF). However, experimental diets had no significant effects on survival rate. Both haematological indices and leucocyte counts were significantly (p〈0.05) influenced by dietary P. acidilactici and FA and their combinations. In the group fed 4 mg FA+3 g P. acidilactici, lysozyme activity and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels significantly increased compared to those fed other diets (p〈0.05). Moreover, the fish fed diets supplemented with 2 mg FA+ 3 g P. acidilactici per kg diet had considerably higher immunoglobulin (IgM) level (p〈0.05). Under the experimental conditions, dietary P.acidilactici and FA had a synergistic effect on enhancing growth performance and immunity of A. nudiventris.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Acipenser nudiventris ; Probiotic ; Physiological measurements ; Immune response
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.869-883
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The present study was conducted to examine different dietary levels of iron (FeSO4) on some haematological parameters of ship sturgeon, Acipenser nudiventris including red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBCs), differential WBCs, hematocrit (Hct), Hemoglobin (Hb), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), immunoglobulin (IgM), ferritin, transferrin and plasma Fe^2+. Four experimental treatments and one control group with three replicates were considered for the experiment. The experimental treatments were fish fed experimental diets containing different levels of FeSO_4 i.e. 100, 200, 250, and 300 mg kg.diet^-1 . After 60 days, there were significant differences between experimental groups in terms of WBCs, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, MCH and MCHC, MCV, total plasma protein, IgM, ferritin, transferrin and plasma Fe^2+ (p〈0.05). In the treatment fed 100 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 , more levels of IgM and total plasma protein were observed compared to other experimental groups (p〈0.05). The highest values of neutrophils, monocytes and MCHC were found in control fish whereas MCV, MCH and eosinophils values were higher in the treatment fed 200 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 (p〈0.05). Also, more WBCs were observed in 250 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 treatment than in other groups (p〈0.05). The values of lymphocytes, RBC, Hct, Hb, ferritin, transferrin and plasma Fe^2+ were higher in fish fed 300 mg.iron kg.diet^-1 compared to other experimental groups (p〈0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that the supplementation of ship sturgeon diets with high levels of iron enhances the RBC, Hct, Hb, ferritin, transferrin and plasma iron.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Iron sulfate ; Haematological ; Acipenser nudiventris ; FeSO4 ; Parameters ; Ship sturgeon ; Plasma ; Diet
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.163-172
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was accomplished to investigate the effect of Artemia urmiana nauplii enriched with Pediococcus acidilactici as probiotic on growth performance and survival rate of great sturgeon, Huso huso. Artemia nauplii were enriched with P. acidilactici at a final concentration of 1010 CFU mL-1 in three time dependent treatments as 3 h (T3), 6 h (T6), 9 h (T9), and one non-enriched Artemia as the control treatment. All treatments were considered in triplicates. Since the nauplii enriched for 9 hours (T9) had the most significant CFU/g compared to other treatments (p〈0.05), juvenile beluga at the stage of first feeding with the mean body weight of 48 ± 1 mg (mean ± SE) were fed with nauplii enriched for 9 hours (T9) and the control diet, with three tanks assigned to each diet. No significant differences were observed in final weight, final length, condition factor, specific growth rate, average daily growth, and survival rate for fish fed with T9 compared to those in the control group (p〉0.05). On the other hand, a decreasing trend was recorded in food conversion ratio (FCR) and final biomass changed significantly for T9 in comparison with that recorded in the control group (p〈0.05). The results indicated that P. acidilactici had a positive effect on growth and survival of beluga larvae, and a different time of enrichment had a significant effect on LAB effect. The best time of enrichment for beluga larvae was found to be 9 hours.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biotechnology ; Pediococcus acidilactici ; Artemia nauplii ; Enrichment ; Probiotic ; Lactic acid bacteria ; Huso huso ; Growth performance ; Survival rate
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.150-161
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study, age-dependent changes of sperm quality parameters in Rutilus frisii were investigated. Also, fertilization capacity of breeders was tested using two age groups of males (3 and 4 year old breeders) and one female group (i.e. 4 year old breeders). For fertilization trials, the breeders were crossed randomly among age classes. Between the two age groups, spermatological parameters did not show vary significant differences. Some composition of the seminal plasma such as osmolality showed significant difference and was higher in older fish. Higher fertilization rate was observed when ova were fertilized with 4 years old semen samples. Relationships between sperm motility characteristics (percentage and duration of sperm motility) and chemical properties of seminal plasma were investigated. In this regard, were found between the duration of sperm motility and Na+, and Cl-, respectively. Also, the percentage of motile spermatozoa had significantly positive relationships with the concentrations of Ca, Mg and pH of semen. On the other hand, osmolality of the seminal plasma was positively correlated with protein. Our results shows that selection of broodstock based on age can be used as a simple procedure to achieve higher results in fertilization process also understanding of such correlations can be useful to evaluation of sperm quality and make media (extender) for dilution of semen and improving sperm motility parameters of kutum.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Sperm traits ; Fertilization success ; Biochemical parameters ; Rutilus frisii ; Quality ; Sperm
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.985-996
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of starvation and feeding regimes on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters of blood and body composition of Caspian brown trout parr. For this purpose, 900 fish (average weight: 12.5±1 g) were stocked in 300-l tanks (18 tanks at a stocking rate of 50 fish in each tank) using an open system. Six experimental groups composed of feeding and starvation regimes were considered for the experiment as follows: FFF (Six weeks feeding), SSS (Six weeks starvation), SFS (Two weeks starvation + two weeks feeding + two weeks starvation), FSF (Two weeks feeding + two weeks starvation + two weeks feeding), FS (Three weeks feeding+three weeks starvation), and SF (Three weeks starvation + three weeks feeding). According to results obtained, the growth rate (GR), special growth rate (SGR), condition factor (K) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) decreased as the length of starvation periods increased (p〈0.05). The haemoglobin content and haematocrit did not seem to be affected by starvation (p〉0.05) while the highest values of red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) were observed in the SSS group (p〈0.05). Also, the lower values of MCH (haemoglobin concentration in one RBC) and MCV (mean volume of one RBC) were observed in the SSS group (p〈0.05). The lipid content of body tissue decreased with increased length of the starvation period (p〈0.05), wherase the total protein, ash and moisture showed no differences between the experimental groups (p〉0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that starvation has significant physiological and morphological effects on Caspian brown trout parr.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Salmo trutta caspius ; Starvation ; Composition ; growth performance ; Haematology ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.418-427
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