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Advances in interpretation of geological processes : Refinement of multi-scale data and integration in numerical modelling (2010)

Spalla, Maria Iole [Hrsg.] ; Marotta, Anna Maria [Hrsg.] ; Gosso, Guido [Hrsg.]

London : The Geological Society

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Call number: 9/M 07.0421(332)

In: Geological Society special publication

Description / Table of Contents: Iterative comparison of analytical results and natural observations with predictions of numerical models improves interpretation of geological processes. Further refinements derive from wide-angle comparison of results from various scales of study. In this volume, advances from field, laboratory and modelling approaches to tectonic evolution from the lithosphere to the rock scale - are compared. Constructive use is made of apparently discrepant or non-consistent results from analytical or methodological approaches in processing field or laboratory data, P-T estimates, absolute or relative age determinations of tectonic events, tectonic unit size in crustal scale deformation, grain-scale deformation processes, various modelling approaches, and numerical techniques. Advances in geodynamic modelling critically depend on new insights into grain- and subgrain-scale deformation processes. Conversely, quantitative models help to identify which rheological laws and parameters exert the strongest control on multi-scale deformation up to lithosphere and upper mantle scale.

Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan

Pages: vii, 230 S.

ISBN: 9781862392953

Series Statement: Geological Society special publication 332

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol332/issue1/

Classification:

Lithosphere

Location: Reading room

Branch Library: GFZ Library

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Advances in Interpretation of Geological Processes : Refinement of Multi-scale Data and Integration in Numerical Modelling (2010)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Spalla, Maria Iole ; Marotta, Anna Maria ; [et al.]

London : The Geological Society

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Keywords: geological processes; tectonics; numerical models

Description / Table of Contents: Disequilibrium textures versus equilibrium modelling: geochronology at the crossroads / Igor M. Villa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 1-15, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.1 --- Argon enters the retentive zone: reassessment of diffusion parameters for K-feldspar in the South Cyclades Shear Zone, Ios, Greece / M. A. Forster and G. S. Lister / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 17-34, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.2 --- Serrated quartz grain boundaries, temperature and strain rate: testing fractal techniques in a syntectonic granite / Manish A. Mamtani and R. O. Greiling / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 35-48, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.3 --- Microstructure and elastic anisotropy of naturally deformed leucogneiss from a shear zone in Montalto (southern Calabria, Italy) / Rosolino Cirrincione, Eugenio Fazio, Renée Heilbronner, Hartmut Kern, Kurt Mengel, Gaetano Ortolano, Antonino Pezzino and Rosalda Punturo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 49-68, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.4 --- Geometry of intercrystalline brine in plastically deforming halite rocks: inference from electrical resistivity / Tohru Watanabe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 69-78, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.5 --- Brittle plus plastic deformation of gypsum aggregates experimentally deformed in torsion to high strains: quantitative microstructural and texture analysis from optical and diffraction data / M. Zucali, V. Barberini, D. Chateigner, B. Ouladdiaf and L. Lutterotti / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 79-98, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.6 --- Numerical modelling of spontaneous slab breakoff dynamics during continental collision / Cyrill Baumann, Taras V. Gerya and James A. D. Connolly / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 99-114, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.7 --- Present-day vertical isostatic readjustment of the Western Alps revealed by numerical modelling and geodetic and seismotectonic data / Annalisa Gardi, Stéphane Baize and Oona Scotti / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 115-128, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.8 --- Block model versus thermomechanical model: new insights on the present-day regional deformation in the surroundings of the Calabrian Arc / Raffaele Splendore, Anna Maria Marotta, Riccardo Barzaghi, Alessandra Borghi and Letizia Cannizzaro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 129-147, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.9 --- The role of mantle hydration in continental crust recycling in the wedge region / Marco Meda, Anna Maria Marotta and Maria Iole Spalla / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 149-172, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.10 --- Three-dimensional evaluation of fabric evolution and metamorphic reaction progress in polycyclic and polymetamorphic terrains: a case from the Central Italian Alps / Francesca Salvi, Maria Iole Spalla, Michele Zucali and Guido Gosso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 173-187, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.11 --- The interaction of deformation and metamorphic reactions / Bruce E. Hobbs, Alison Ord, Maria Iole Spalla, Guido Gosso and Michele Zucali / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 189-223, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.12

Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 230 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten

ISBN: 9781862395800

URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/332/1

Language: English

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A geological transect from Kun Lun to Karakorum (Sinkiang, China): the western termination of the Tibetan Plateau. Preliminary note (1990)

Gaetani, Maurizio ; Gosso, Guido ; Pognante, Ugo

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Terra nova 2 (1990), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3121

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: A geological-geophysical expedition (Ev-K2–CNR 1988) visited the area from West Kun Lun to Karakorum (K2–Gasherbrum). Seven tectonic units including sedimentary, magmatic and metamorphic rocks were distinguished in this area; the northernmost are suggested to belong to the Kun Lun and Qiangtang Microplates. The sedimentary sequence of Shaksgam is proved to extend from the Permian to the Jurassic, with Carboniferous and Cretaceous ages more doubtful. This sequence shows intermediate affinities between the Karakorum and the Qiangtang. The two southernmost units belong to the Karakorum Microplate. The Karakorum Fault Zone comprises a complex pattern of faults and thrusts, with brittle deformation and uplifting of granitoid bodies.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1990.tb00033.x

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The interaction of deformation and metamorphic reactions (2010)

Hobbs, Bruce E. ; Ord, Alison ; Spalla, Maria Iole ; [et al.]

In: Geological Society Special Publication 332: 189-223.

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Publication Date: 2010-04-16

Description: Feedback relations between deformation and metamorphic mineral reactions, derived using the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, indicate that mineral reactions progress to completion in high-strain areas, driven by energy dissipated from inelastic deformation. These processes, in common with other time-dependent geological processes, lead to both strain, and strain-rate, hardening/softening in rate-dependent materials. In particular, strain-rate softening leads to the formation of shear zones, folds and boudins by non-Biot mechanisms. Strain-softening alone does not produce folding or boudinage and results in low-strain shear zones; strain-rate softening is necessary to produce realistic strains and structures. Reaction-mechanical feedback relations operating at the scale of 10-100 m produce structures similar to those that arise from thermal-mechanical feedback relations at coarser (kilometre) scales and reaction-diffusion-mechanical feedback relations at finer (millimetre) scales. The dominance of specific processes at various length scales but the development of similar structures by all coupled processes leads to scale invariance. The concept of non-equilibrium mineral stability diagrams is introduced. In principle, deformation influences the position of mineral stability fields relative to equilibrium stability fields; the effect is negligible for the quartz[-〉]coesite reaction but may be important for others. Application of these results to the development of structures and mineral reactions in the Italian Alps is discussed.

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A critical assessment of the tectono-thermal memory of rocks and definition of tectono-metamorphic units: evidence from fabric and degree of metamorphic transformations (2007)

Spalla, M. Iole ; Zucali, Michele ; Di Paola, Silvia ; [et al.]

In: Geological Society Special Publication 243: 227-247.

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Publication Date: 2007-10-08

Description: A correlation procedure of scattered tectonic and metamorphic imprints in the reactivated crust is elaborated from recent analytical work in three Alpine metamorphic complexes. It consists of: interpretation of the time-sequence of tectonic fabrics and test of their kinematic coherence; determination of paragenetic compatibility among the mineralogical support of mesoscopic fabrics; cross-validation of mineral transformation over-prints; construction of P-T-d-t paths using a time-sequence of parageneses. The representation of structural and metamorphic information conveys the full tectono-metamorphic history on maps displaying combined tectonic and metamorphic effects. Shape and size definition of metamorphic units, now individuated mainly using their lithological homogeneity and dominant metamorphic imprint, is improved. The analysis of interaction between fabric and metamorphic imprint distributions, proposed in three Alpine examples, shows that the dominant metamorphic imprint does not coincide with Tmax-PTmax of each inferred P-T-d-t loop; the dominant metamorphic imprint is that given by the mineralogical support of the most pervasive fabric. Different metamorphic imprints may dominate in adjacent areas of a single tectono-metamorphic unit (TMU), or equivalent metamorphic imprints may dominate in different TMUs. Therefore, lithostratigraphic setting and dominant metamorphic imprint are inefficient to contour TMUs in terrains with polyphase deformation and metamorphism, without considering multiscale heterogeneity of superposed synmetamorphic fabrics.

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Three-dimensional evaluation of fabric evolution and metamorphic reaction progress in polycyclic and polymetamorphic terrains: a case from the Central Italian Alps (2010)

Salvi, Francesca ; Spalla, Maria Iole ; Zucali, Michele ; [et al.]

In: Geological Society Special Publication 332: 173-187.

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Publication Date: 2010-04-16

Description: The 3D reconstruction of geological bodies is an excellent tool for the representation of crustal structures and is applied here to understand related heterogeneities in the grain-scale fabrics; the western portion of the Languard-Tonale Alpine tectono-metamorphic unit (Austroalpine domain, Central Alps) allows evaluation of the per cent volume of textural reworking during polyphase pre-Alpine and Alpine deformations. The structural and metamorphic overprinting during the last deformation imprint involved less than 50% of rock volume; this estimate is obtained by discriminating domains that homogeneously recorded structural and metamorphic re-equilibration during crenulation-decrenulation cycles. These domains are reconstructed using a geograhpical information system (GIS) to manipulate field data and interpretative cross-sections as a means to constrain their 3D volumes. The degree of fabric evolution is integrated at the microscale with the estimate of the reactants/products ratio to infer the progress of metamorphic transformation related to advancing degree of mechanical reactivation. The correlation between degree of fabric evolution and progress of synkinematic metamorphic reactions shows that differences between pristine mineral assemblages v. pre-existing fabrics influence the rate of reaction accomplishment. Fabric evolution and degree of metamorphic transformation increase proportionally once above the threshold value of 60% of volume affected by fabric rejuvenation; metamorphic degree also influences the progress of metamorphic reactions.

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Upper and lower crustal evolution during lithospheric extension: numerical modelling and natural footprints from the European Alps (2009)

Marotta, Anna Maria ; Spalla, Maria Iole ; Gosso, Guido

In: Geological Society Special Publication 321: 33-72.

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Publication Date: 2009-10-15

Description: When continental rifting does not develop on a stable continental lithosphere, geodynamic interpretation of igneous and metamorphic records, as well as structural and sedimentary imprints of rifting-related lithospheric extension, can be highly ambiguous since different mechanisms can be responsible for regional HT-LP metamorphism. This is the case of the European Alps, where the exposure of Variscan structural and metamorphic imprints within the present-day Alpine structural domains indicates that before the Pangaea break-up, the continental lithosphere was thermally and mechanically perturbed by Variscan subduction and collision. To reduce this ambiguity, we use finite-element techniques to implement numerical geodynamic models for analysing the effects of active extension during the Permian-Triassic period (from 300 to 220 Ma), overprinting a previous history of Variscan subduction-collision up to 300 Ma. The lithosphere is compositionally stratified in crust and mantle and its rheological behaviour is that of an incompressible viscous fluid controlled by a power law. Model predictions of lithospheric thermal state and strain localization are compared with metamorphic data, time interval of plutonic and volcanic activity and coeval onset of sedimentary environments. Our analysis confirms that the integrated use of geological data and numerical modelling is a valuable key for inferring the pre-orogenic rifting evolution of a fossil passive margin. In the specific case of the European Alps, we show that a relative high rate of active extension is required, associated for example with a far extensional field, to achieve the fit with the maximal number of tectonic units. Furthermore, in this case only, thermal conditions allowing partial melting of the crust accompanying gabbroic intrusions and HT-LP metamorphism are generated. The concordant set of geological events that took place from Permian to Triassic times in the natural Alpine case is justified by the model and is coherent with the progression of lithospheric thinning, later evolving into the appearance of oceanic crust.

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