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  • 1
    Non-book medium
    Non-book medium
    Roof-level SF6 tracer experiments in the city of Basel (2005)
    Zürich : Inst. for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: NBM ZS-272(83)
    In: Zürcher Klima-Schriften [Elektronische Ressource]
    Type of Medium: Non-book medium
    Pages: 1 CD-ROM
    Series Statement: Zürcher Klima-Schriften 83
    Location: Reading room
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applied model for the growth of the daytime mixed layer (1991)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 56 (1991), S. 261-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A slab model is proposed for developing the height of the mixed layer capped by stable air aloft. The model equations are closed by relating the consumption of energy (potential and kinetic) at the top of the mixed layer to the production of convective and mechanical turbulent kinetic energy within the mixed layer. By assuming that the temperature difference at the top of the mixed layer instantaneously adjusts to the actual meteorological conditions without regard to the initial temperature difference that prevailed, the model is reduced to a single differential equation which easily can be solved numerically. When the mixed layer is shallow or the atmosphere nearly neutrally stratified, the growth is controlled mainly by mechanical turbulence. When the layer is deep, its growth is controlled mainly by convective turbulence. The model is applied on a data set of the evolution of the height of the mixed layer in the morning hours, when both mechanical and convective turbulence contribute to the growth process. Realistic mixed-layer developments are obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120423
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing Height Over Water And Its Role On The Correlation Between Temperature And Humidity Fluctuations In The Unstable Surface Layer (2000)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 97 (2000), S. 273-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Keywords: Marine surface layer ; Mixed-layer height ; Scalar correlation coefficient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Results from an experimental investigation of themixing height over inner Danish waters carriedout from September 1990 to October 1992, are discussed. The statistical analysis of the mixed-layer height (zi)over the sea does not exhibit the dailyvariation that is characteristic of the mixed layerover land, but it is nearly constant over a24-hour cycle. During summer, the mixed layer ishigher than during winter. A second inversionwas often observed. A case study of the development of the mixed layerover the sea under near-neutral and unstableatmospheric conditions during six consecutivedays is presented. A zero-order mixed-layer heightmodel is applied. In addition to momentum and heatfluxes the effect of subsidence was found to be importantfor the evolution of the mixed layer over the sea. Themodelled evolution of zi compared successfullywith measurements. We have investigated the influence of themixed-layer height on the correlation coefficient RqTbetween temperature and humidity fluctuations usingthe values obtained with the model.We found that the evolution of RqT follows theevolution of the mixing height. An empirical modellinking the surface values of RqT to zi and the Obukhov scaling length L has been suggested. The modelreproduces the experimental features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002749729856
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Aspects of Atmospheric Dispersion in the Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layer over Homogeneous Terrain (1999)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 90 (1999), S. 479-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The ability to simulate atmospheric dispersion with models developed for applied use under stable atmospheric stability conditions is discussed. The paper is based on model simulations of three experimental data sets reported in the literature. The Hanford data set covered weakly stable conditions, the Prairie Grass experiments covered both weakly stable and very stable atmospheric conditions, and the Lillestrøm experiment was carried out during very stable conditions. Simulations of these experiments reported in the literature for eight different models are discussed. Applied models based on the Gaussian plume model concept with the spread parameters described in terms of the Pasquill stability classification or Monin–Obukhov similarity relationships are used. Other model types are Lagrangian particle models which also are parameterized in terms of Monin–Obukhov similarity relationships. The applied models describe adequately the dispersion process in a weakly stable atmosphere, but fail during very stable atmospheric conditions. This suggests that Monin–Obukhov similarity theory is an adequate tool for the parameterization of the input parameters to atmospheric dispersion models during weakly stable conditions, but that more detailed parameterisations including other physical processes than those covered by the Monin–Obukhov theory should be developed for the very stable atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001717432193
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An applied model for the height of the daytime mixed layer and the entrainment zone (1994)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 71 (1994), S. 311-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model is presented for the height of the mixed layer and the depth of the entrainment zone under near-neutral and unstable atmospheric conditions. It is based on the zero-order mixed-layer height model of Batchvarova and Gryning (1991) and the parameterization of the entrainment zone depth proposed by Gryning and Batchvarova (1994). However, most zero-order slab type models of mixed-layer height may be applied. The use of the model requires only information on those meteorological parameters that are needed in operational applications of ordinary zero-order slab type models of mixed-layer height: friction velocity, kinematic heat flux near the ground and potential temperature gradient in the free atmosphere above the entrainment zone. When information is available on the horizontal divergence of the large-scale flow field, the model also takes into account the effect of subsidence, although this is usually neglected in operational models of mixed-layer height owing to lack of data. Model performance is tested using data from the CIRCE experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713744
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Humidity fluctuations in the marine boundary layer measured at a coastal site with an infrared humidity sensor (1996)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 77 (1996), S. 331-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An extensive set of humidity turbulence data has been analyzed from 22-m height in the marine boundary layer. Fluctuations of humidity were measured by an “OPHIR”, an infrared humidity sensor with a 10 Hz scanning frequency and humidity spectra were produced. The shapes of the normalized spectra follow the established similarity functions. However the 10-min time averaged measurements underestimate the value of the absolute humidity. The importance of the humidity flux contribution in a marine environment in calculating the Obukhov stability length has been studied. Deviations from Monin-Obukhov similarity theory seem to be connected to a low correlation between humidity and temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00123531
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for the height of the internal boundary layer over an area with an irregular coastline (1996)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 78 (1996), S. 405-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model for the time and space variation of the internal boundary-layer height over a land area with an irregular coastline is presented. It is based on the analytical model of the boundary-layer height proposed by Gryning and Batchvarova (1990) and Batchvarova and Gryning (1991), The model accounts for the temperature jump and the mean vertical air motion at the top of the internal boundary-layer. Four cases from experiments in Nanticoke and Vancouver are used for model validation. The agreement between the calculated and measured internal boundary layer height at the observational sites is fairly good. The input information for the model consist of wind speed and direction, friction velocity and kinematic heat flux in time and space for the area, and the potential temperature gradient and the mean vertical air motion above the internal boundary layer. For the experiments used in the validation the effect of subsidence is relatively important in the afternoon under low wind speed high pressure conditions, lowering the height of the internal boundary layer by up to 10%, and it is negligible in the morning hours. The effect of the mixing height over the sea is found to be negligible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120944
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling Internal Boundary-Layer Development in a Region with a Complex Coastline (1999)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 90 (1999), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Keywords: Airborne lidar measurements ; Applied slab model ; Complex coastline ; Internal boundary layer ; Lower Fraser Valley ; Mesoscale numerical modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this paper is to test the ability of two quite different models to simulate the combined spatial and temporal variability of the internal boundary layer in an area of complex terrain and coastline during one day. The simple applied slab model of Gryning and Batchvarova, and the Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (CSU-RAMS) are tested by comparison with data gathered during a field study (called Pacific '93) of photochemical pollution in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada. The data utilised here are drawn from tethered balloon flights, free flying balloon ascents, and downlooking lidar operated from an aircraft flown at roughly 3500 m above sea level. Both models are found to represent the temporal and spatial development of the internal boundary-layer depth over the Lower Fraser Valley very well, and reproduce many of the finer details revealed by the measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001751219627
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S. Pal Arya, Air Pollution Meteorology and Dispersion (2000)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 94 (2000), S. 171-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002455203371
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nomogram for the Height of the Daytime Mixed Layer (1999)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 91 (1999), S. 307-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Keywords: Climatological temperature ; Meteorological preprocessor ; Mixed-layer height ; Moisture availability ; Nomogram method ; Sensible heat flux
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method to construct a nomogram of the daytime mixed-layer-height evolution is presented. The nomogram will be specific for a given location and land surface type and is intended to be an easy tool to achieve a general understanding of mixed-layer behaviour. Also it is a pedagogical graphical one-pager that displays the bulk of data that controls the evolution of the mixed layer. Nomograms from northern, central and southern Europe are presented and discussed. Comparison with data from two sites shows good agreement although the nomograms overestimated the mixing height when it was low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001807527452
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