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  • 1
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    [In Depth] A time capsule from Bronze Age Britain (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Reconstructing daily life in the Bronze Age has been difficult in northern Europe. Most houses were poorly preserved, traced out by postholes or barren remains of hearths, and offer up only meager fragments of pottery. A major excavation near Peterborough, U.K., promises to fill in the picture. Archaeologists have dug up 3000-year-old roundhouses that were perched on stilts above a river, perhaps for defense or facilitating trade. The building materials and much of the contents are well-preserved because the five houses were quickly abandoned during a fire and then collapsed into a river. The rich array of artifacts includes textiles, wooden objects, metal tools, and complete sets of pottery. The arrangement of artifacts could indicate how various sections of the houses were used and perhaps new details about diet. The fact that all the buildings burned down, apparently at the same time, and the belongings were left behind, suggests the fires may have been part of an attack. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Archaeology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    [In Depth] Conservation researchers get a new roost in Cambridge (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-16
    Description: Since 2007, the Cambridge Conservation Initiative (CCI) has helped support collaborations among the largest concentration of conservation scientists in the world, in Cambridge, U.K. Several years ago, CCI saw an opportunity to deepen such alliances after two university departments left a 1960s-era Brutalist concrete office building in the heart of the university. As part of a £58 million overhaul, architects designed spaces to foster collaborations. Planners say the relationships will be mutually beneficial: Up to 150 academics will find new opportunities to apply their research, while an estimated 350 conservation practitioners will bring new problems. Participants believe that by harnessing "the Cambridge brand" for conservation research, the hub will become a go-to resource for government, business, and philanthropy leaders. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Environmental Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    [Feature] Red Squirrels Rising (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-10
    Description: The red squirrel's range spans northern Europe to Asia, but it is considered endangered in the United Kingdom. The main problem is that the Eastern gray squirrel, introduced from North America, has spread across most of the United Kingdom. Gray squirrels normally outcompete the reds, and they carry a deadly virus called squirrelpox, which quickly kills red squirrels. Yet the tide may be turning. The Isle of Anglesey is now free of grays, thanks to an eradication project that took 18 years. Some advocates hope that the recovery of the pine marten, a relative of weasels and badgers that preys on gray squirrels, might provide long-term relief for the reds. Scientists caution that much about the pine marten's resurgence and ecological impact remains unknown. The plight of the United Kingdom's red squirrels is a cautionary tale: The gray squirrel has colonized part of northwest Italy and may be poised to invade neighboring countries. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    [Special Issue News] The nitrogen fix (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-16
    Description: A handful of biologists is working to endow major crops with the ability to "fix" nitrogen from the air into a biochemically usable form, a talent that is currently limited to certain microbes—and is essential to life. Fixed nitrogen is a key ingredient in important biomolecules, including amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. And, for now, farmers have to laboriously supply it by applying fertilizer or planting legumes, which host nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their roots. Altering cereals to produce their own nitrogen would be a tour de force of biotechnology. But it could help solve two big problems: the overuse of artificial fertilizer, which can pollute aquifers or water bodies, and the shortage of fertilizer that plagues small farmers in the developing world. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Plant Translational Biology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    [In Depth] London's biomedical behemoth opens its doors (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: The largest biomedical research building in Europe—the £650 million Francis Crick Institute in London—has nearly 93,000 square meters of floor space, top-flight instruments, a special lab for dangerous pathogens, and animal facilities with 35,000 cages. This week, the first of 1500 researchers and support staff begin moving in from two major biomedical institutes. Collaborators will join them from three universities in London and a pharmaceutical company. But the United Kingdom's vote in June to leave the European Union has dampened some of the elation. Restrictions on migration could make it more difficult to recruit from overseas, and limited access to EU research funds could squeeze the operating budget. Some domestic observers worry that it will suck up so much talent and funding that universities outside London will suffer, but supporters say the Crick will strengthen science nationwide. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: U.K. Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    [In Depth] A reboot for wave energy (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-06
    Description: The United Kingdom has ample resources for ocean energy and has long been a leader in wave energy research. After the bankruptcies of two pioneering wave energy companies, the Scottish government has gone back to the drawing board. A new agency is funding crosscutting research, for example in materials and control systems, that could help a range of wave energy devices. The government program is also trying to improve technology transfer and build investor confidence by benchmarking progress. Companies are trying out novel designs, such as a giant rubber tube and polymers that generate electricity when flexed. Another goal is to help devices submerge to avoid dangerous waves. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Renewable Energy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    [In Depth] How the Venus flytrap acquired its taste for meat (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-13
    Description: Carnivorous plants have remarkable adaptations to catch and digest invertebrates. These aggressive feeding habits allow the plants to survive in poor soil by giving them a new source of nitrogen and other nutrients. Many biologists suspect ancestors of carnivorous plants evolved by adapting mechanisms normally used to detect and defend against herbivores. Now, this hypothesis has gained support from a detailed genetic study of Venus flytraps (Dionaea muscipula). Patterns of gene expression confirmed that the flytrap and a noncarnivorous plant use the same signaling pathway to detect insects. Experiments showed that the flytrap digests its prey with the same kind digestive enzymes that other plants use to ward off insects. A few hours after catching prey, the flytrap turns on another set of familiar genes to absorb nutrients; many of these genes are expressed in the roots of other plants. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Plant Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    [In Depth] U.K. scientists gird for future break with EU (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-17
    Description: The United Kingdom is expected to begin the 2-year process of exiting the European Union by the end of March. U.K. researchers are now facing up to the prospect that they won't be able to apply for EU funding or easily recruit postdocs and colleagues from the rest of Europe. To lessen the blow to research, scientists and bureaucrats are already brainstorming about new funding structures and international collaborations that could make up for the lost EU money and brainpower. They are also taking some comfort in a major boost to government R&D funding, detailed last week, aimed at building up research areas that could bolster domestic industries. Yet much uncertainty hangs on what are expected to be rancorous negotiations with the European Union, covering issues such as the right of foreign citizens to remain in the United Kingdom and a possible exit bill from Brussels. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Scientific Community
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    [Feature] How to be heard (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Paul Cairney, a political scientist at the University of Stirling in the United Kingdom, has a message for those who want facts and research findings to guide policy. "'Evidence based policy making' is a good political slogan, but not a good description of the policy process," he writes on his blog, which has become a popular read for policy wonks (paulcairney.wordpress.com). "If you expect to see it, you will be disappointed." It's a typically blunt assessment from Cairney, who last year published a well-received book entitled The Politics of Evidence-Based Policy Making. But his goal isn't to discourage efforts to inject evidence into statecraft; rather, he aims to arm scientists with some nuggets of political theory and psychology that might help them do better. In a recent interview, Cairney offered some do's and don'ts for getting involved. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    [In Depth] A lifeline for Greek science—or living on borrowed time? (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-30
    Description: The Greek government is trying to stop the nationwide brain drain stemming from global financial crisis. This week, the parliament was expected to take up legislation to create the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), modeled after the German Research Foundation and the U.S. National Science Foundation, and funded mostly with a loan from the European Investment Bank. Over the next 3 years, HFRI will distribute about €225 million in peer-reviewed grants. HFRI will regularly schedule calls for proposals—a longstanding wish of Greek scientists. The science ministry plans to spend €18 million of the funds immediately on graduate and postdoctoral research projects. Although many Greek researchers welcome the new foundation, they say that much more funding is required to revitalize science in their country. Author: Erik Stokstad
    Keywords: Science Policy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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