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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2010. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Earth-Science Reviews 104 (2011): 111-142, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.09.003.
    Description: Planktonic foraminifera are widely utilized for the biostratigraphy of Cretaceous and Cenozoic marine sediments and are a fundamental component of Cenozoic chronostratigraphy. The recent enhancements in deep sea drilling recovery, multiple coring and high resolution sampling both offshore and onshore, has improved the planktonic foraminiferal calibrations to magnetostratigraphy and/or modified species ranges. This accumulated new information has allowed many of the planktonic foraminiferal bioevents of the Cenozoic to be revised and a reassessment of the planktonic foraminiferal calibrations. We incorporate these developments and amendments into the existing biostratigraphic zonal scheme. In this paper we present an amended low-latitude (tropical and subtropical) Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal zonation. We compile 187 revised calibrations of planktonic foraminiferal bioevents from multiple sources for the Cenozoic and have incorporated these recalibrations into a revised Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal biochronology. We review and synthesize these calibrations to both the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) of the Cenozoic and astronomical time scale (ATS) of the Neogene and late Paleogene. On the whole, these recalibrations are consistent with previous work; however, in some cases, they have led to major adjustments to the duration of biochrons. Recalibrations of the early middle Eocene first appearance datums of Globigerinatheka kugleri, Hantkenina singanoae, Guembelitrioides nuttalli and Turborotalia frontosa have resulted in large changes in the durations of Biochrons E7, E8 and E9. We have introduced (upper Oligocene) Zone O7 utilizing the biostratigraphic utility of ‘Paragloborotalia’ pseudokugleri. For the Neogene Period, major revisions are applied to the fohsellid lineage of the middle Miocene and we have modified the criteria for recognition of Zones M7, M8 and M9, with additional adjustments regarding the Globigerinatella lineage to Zones M2 and M3. The revised and recalibrated datums provide a major advance in biochronologic resolution and a template for future progress to the Cenozoic time scale.
    Description: BSW acknowledges support from National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award (EAR-0847300), Consortium for Ocean Leadership/NSF (OCE- 0352500) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/G014817/1).
    Keywords: Cenozoic time scale ; Planktonic foraminifera ; Time scale calibration ; Neogene time scale ; Paleogene time scale ; Biostratigraphy
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Miller, Kenneth G; Browning, James V; Aubry, Marie-Pierre; Wade, Bridget S; Katz, Miriam E; Kulpecz, Andrew A; Wright, James D (2008): Eocene-Oligocene global climate and sea-level changes: St. Stephens Quarry, Alabama. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 120(1/2), 34-53, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26105.1
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: We integrate upper Eocene-lower Oligocene lithostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic, biostratigraphic, stable isotopic, benthic foraminiferal faunal, downhole log, and sequence stratigraphic studies from the Alabama St. Stephens Quarry (SSQ) core hole, linking global ice volume, sea level, and temperature changes through the greenhouse to icehouse transition of the Cenozoic. We show that the SSQ succession is dissected by hiatuses associated with sequence boundaries. Three previously reported sequence boundaries are well dated here: North Twistwood Creek-Cocoa (35.4-35.9 Ma), Mint Spring-Red Bluff (33.0 Ma), and Bucatunna-Chickasawhay (the mid-Oligocene fall, ca. 30.2 Ma). In addition, we document three previously undetected or controversial sequences: mid-Pachuta (33.9-35.0 Ma), Shubuta-Bumpnose (lowermost Oligocene, ca. 33.6 Ma), and Byram-Glendon (30.5-31.7 Ma). An ~0.9 per mil d18O increase in the SSQ core hole is correlated to the global earliest Oligocene (Oi1) event using magnetobiostratigraphy; this increase is associated with the Shubuta-Bumpnose contact, an erosional surface, and a biofacies shift in the core hole, providing a first-order correlation between ice growth and a sequence boundary that indicates a sea-level fall. The d18O increase is associated with a eustatic fall of ~55 m, indicating that ~0.4 per mil of the increase at Oi1 time was due to temperature. Maximum d18O values of Oi1 occur above the sequence boundary, requiring that deposition resumed during the lowest eustatic lowstand. A precursor d18O increase of 0.5 per mil (33.8 Ma, midchron C13r) at SSQ correlates with a 0.5 per mil increase in the deep Pacific Ocean; the lack of evidence for a sea-level change with the precursor suggests that this was primarily a cooling event, not an ice-volume event. Eocene-Oligocene shelf water temperatures of ~17-19 °C at SSQ are similar to modern values for 100 m water depth in this region. Our study establishes the relationships among ice volume, d18O, and sequences: a latest Eocene cooling event was followed by an earliest Oligocene ice volume and cooling event that lowered sea level and formed a sequence boundary during the early stages of eustatic fall.
    Keywords: Alabama, Alabama, U.S.A., North America; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; SSQ; St-Stephens-Quarry
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gallagher, Stephen John; Villa, Giuliana; Drysdale, Russell N; Wade, Bridget S; Scher, Howie D; Li, Qianyu; Wallace, Malcolm W; Holdgate, Guy R (2013): A near-field sea level record of East Antarctic Ice Sheet instability from 32 to 27 Myr. Paleoceanography, 28(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002326
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Fossil, facies, and isotope analyses of an early high-paleolatitude (55°S) section suggests a highly unstable East Antarctic Ice Sheet from 32 to 27 Myr. The waxing and waning of this ice sheet from 140% to 40% of its present volume caused sea level changes of ±25 m (ranging from -30 to +50 m) related to periodic glacial (100,000 to 200,000 years) and shorter interglacial events. The near-field Gippsland sea level (GSL) curve shares many similarities to the far-field New Jersey sea level (NJSL) estimates. However, there are possible resolution errors due to biochronology, taphonomy, and paleodepth estimates and the relative lack of lowstand deposits (in NJSL) that prevent detailed correlations with GSL. Nevertheless, the lateral variations in sea level between the GSL section and NJSL record that suggest ocean siphoning and antisiphoning may have propagated synchronous yet variable sea levels.
    Keywords: Australia; Groper-1; Sampling Well; WELL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-02-07
    Keywords: AGE; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Australia; Coefficient; Density, grain; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Groper-1; Paleoelevation; Porosity; Sampling Well; WELL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 432 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-02-13
    Keywords: AGE; Australia; Calcium carbonate; Counting 〉150 µm fraction; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Glauconite; Groper-1; Lithologic unit/sequence; Lithology/composition/facies; Mass spectrometer, Finnigan, MAT 253; Sampling Well; WELL; δ13C, carbonate; δ18O, carbonate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 956 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-02-12
    Keywords: AGE; Australia; Calculated; Counting 〉150 µm fraction; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Foraminifera, benthic shallow water species; Groper-1; Lithologic unit/sequence; Paleoelevation; Sampling Well; Sea level, relative; WELL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 856 data points
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  • 7
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Beddow, Helen M; Liebrand, Diederik; Wilson, Douglas S; Hilgen, Frederik J; Sluijs, Appy; Wade, Bridget S; Lourens, Lucas Joost (2018): Astronomical tunings of the Oligocene-Miocene transition from Pacific Ocean Site U1334 and implications for the carbon cycle. Climate of the Past, 14(3), 255-270, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-255-2018
    Publication Date: 2023-02-24
    Description: Astronomical tuning of sediment sequences requires both unambiguous cycle-pattern recognition in climate proxy records and astronomical solutions, and independent information about the phase relationship between these two. Here we present two different astronomically tuned age models for the Oligocene-Miocene Transition (OMT) from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1334 (equatorial Pacific Ocean) to assess the effect tuning has on astronomically calibrated ages and the geologic time scale. These alternative age models (from ~22 to ~24 Ma) are based on different tunings between proxy records and eccentricity: the first age model is based on an aligning CaCO3 weight (wt%) to Earth's orbital eccentricity, the second age model is based on a direct age calibration of benthic foraminiferal stable carbon isotope ratios (d13C) to eccentricity. To independently test which tuned age model and associated tuning assumptions is in best agreement with independent ages based on tectonic plate-pair spreading rates, we assign our tuned ages to the magnetostratigraphic reversals identified in deep-marine magnetic anomaly profiles. Subsequently, we compute tectonic plate-pair spreading rates based on the tuned ages. The resultant, alternative spreading rate histories indicate that the CaCO3 tuned age model is most consistent with a conservative assumption of constant, or linearly changing, spreading rates. The CaCO3 tuned age model thus provides robust ages and durations for polarity chrons C6Bn.1n-C6Cn.1r, which are not based on astronomical tuning in the latest iteration of the Geologic Time Scale. Furthermore, it provides independent evidence that the relatively large (several 10,000 years) time lags documented in the benthic foraminiferal isotope records relative to orbital eccentricity, constitute a real feature of the Oligocene-Miocene climate system and carbon cycle. The age constraints from Site U1334 thus provide independent evidence that the delayed responses of the Oligocene-Miocene climate-cryosphere system and carbon cycle resulted from highly nonlinear feedbacks to astronomical forcing.
    Keywords: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Alabama, Alabama, U.S.A., North America; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Factor 1; Factor 2; Factor 3; Factor 4; SSQ; St-Stephens-Quarry
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 156 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-07-24
    Keywords: AGE; Australia; Cibicidoides perforatus, δ13C; Cibicidoides perforatus, δ18O; Cibicidoides spp., δ13C; Cibicidoides spp., δ18O; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Foraminifera, benthic preservation; Groper-1; Lithologic unit/sequence; Mass spectrometer, Finnigan, MAT 253; Sampling Well; WELL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 390 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-07-24
    Keywords: AGE; Alabama, Alabama, U.S.A., North America; Calculated; Cibicidoides cocoaensis, magnesium/calcium ratio; Cibicidoides cocoaensis, δ13C; Cibicidoides cocoaensis, δ18O; Cibicidoides pippeni, magnesium/calcium ratio; Cibicidoides pippeni, δ13C; Cibicidoides pippeni, δ18O; Cibicidoides spp., δ13C; Cibicidoides spp., δ18O; delta; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Foraminifera, benthic δ13C; Foraminifera, benthic δ18O; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Mass spectrometer VG Optima; Reference of data; SSQ; St-Stephens-Quarry; Temperature, calculated
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 421 data points
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