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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of retail and distribution management 31 (2003), S. 459-465 
    ISSN: 0959-0552
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes the context, motivation and findings of health sector-led research into food retailing in an urban conurbation with significant levels of deprivation and a poor health record. The research involved the systematic collection of price and availability data for a wide range of foods. Maps were constructed showing access to different types of food within walking distance. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 175 shopkeepers to explore some of the factors affecting the viability of their business and their capacity to stock "healthier foods". The social, economic, environmental and health-related implications of these findings, and the limitations of current "food access solutions", are discussed. It is argued that the quality of local neighbourhood food retailing should be a key indicator of, and a priority for, regeneration. The paper finishes with some recommendations for action and a vision for the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 80 (1991), S. 411-428 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The Nanga Parbat syntaxis, in the NW Himalaya, is a still growing crustal-scale north-trending antiformal structure in the core of which Indian Plate gneisses have been uplifted from beneath the overthrust rocks of the Kohistan island arc. Isotopic and fission track geochronology show that uplift rates within the syntaxis have increased to present day rates of 〉 6 mm/yr. Uplift has been accommodated by a combination of initial northwest verging thrusting on the western margin of the syntaxis, followed by crustal scale folding within the syntaxis and latterly by dextral reverse faulting on the western margin. This thrusting, folding and faulting is the effect of deformation at the north-western lateral tips of the main Himalayan thrusts where they interfere with the south-southeast verging thrusts of the northwest Himalaya.
    Abstract: Résumé La convergence du Nanga Parbat, dans le nordouest de l'Himalaya, est une structure antiforme d'orientation nord-sud, d'échelle crustale et toujours active; son cœur est occupé par des gneiss de la plaque indienne qui ont été soulevés à travers les roches charriées de l'arc insulaire du Kohistan. Les données géochronologiques obtenues à partir des isotopes et des traces de fission montrent que le taux de soulèvement a augmenté dans cette structure jusqu'à la valeur actuelle de plus de 6 mm/an. Le soulèvement s'est effectué par la combinaison d'un charriage initial, à vergence nordouest, sur la bordure ouest de la convergence, suivi d'un plissement d'échelle crustale dans la convergence et, latéralement, d'une fracturation par faille dextre inverse sur sa bordure ouest. Ce charriage, ce plissement et cette fracturation sont l'expression de la déformation à l'extrémité latérale nord-ouest des charriages principaux de l'Himalaya, où ils interfèrent avec les charriages à vergence sud- sud-est de l'Himalaya septentrional.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nanga Parbat Konvergenz im nordwestlichen Himalaya ist eine noch im Wachsen begriffene nach Norden streichende antiformale Struktur im Krustenmaßstab. In ihrem Inneren wurden Gneisse der Indischen Platte aus der Nähe der überschobenen Gesteine des Kohistan Inselbogens herausgehoben. Isotopen- und Spaltspurengeochronologie zeigen, daß das Heraushebungsmaß innerhalb der Konvergenz zu der heutigen Rate von 〉 6 mm/a angestiegen ist. Die Heraushebung hat sich angepaßt an die Kombination von initialer NW-vergenter Überschiebung auf den westlichen Konvergenzrand, die gefolgt wurde von einer krustalen Faltung und lateral von dextraler antithetischer Verwerfung des westlichen Randes. Diese Deckenüberschiebung, Faltung und Verwerfung ist das Resultat der Deformation des nordwestlichen Ausstriches der Himalaya-Hauptüberschiebung, wo sie in Wechselwirkung mit der SSE-vergenten Überschiebung des NW-Himalayas steht.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The northwestern part of South Africa and southern South-West Africa/Namibia is amongst the most extensive granulite terranes in Africa. This work reports the results of electron microprobe studies of minerals from two-pyroxene, cordieriteorthopyroxene (-gedrite) (-sapphirine) and garnet and/or cordierite parageneses from Namaqualand, in the N.W. Cape Province of South Africa. Determined PT conditions of prograde metamorphism based on thermodynamic calculations are 800°–900° C and ca. 6–7 Kb; and it is argued that rocks of unusual composition, notably cordierite-orthopyroxene rocks, are restites after the extraction of granitic liquid from former argillites. This interpretation is consistent with previously published data on similar rocks, and with McCarthy's (1976) suggestion of extensive partial melting in the quartzofeldspathic rocks in the area. U-Pb isotopic studies of some 50 zircon fractions have been carried out and confirm an age of 1,200 m.y. for the high-grade regional metamorphism; but certain zircon populations record inherited ages greater than 1,700 m.y. Garnet-sillimanite rocks that contain retrograde kyanite reflect PT conditions of 550°–650° C and ca. 7–8 Kb; and constituent biotite has yielded a K-Ar age of ca. 950 m.y. These data, the regional stratigraphy and structure, and the mineralisation are compared with data from the Grenville Province of Canada. Notable similarities are the possible basement-cover relationships, and the calendar of tectonothermal events, while differences include the important stratiform base-metal mineralisation in the supracrustal sequence in Namaqualand, and the Cu-mineralisation in hypersthenebearing intrusives, emplaced some 1,100 m.y. ago, that are areally, and believed to be genetically, related to the granulite facies metamorphic regime.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 35 (1972), S. 277-292 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Cenozoic volcanic activity in northeastern Nigeria began with the intrusion into the Benue trough of a trachyte-phonolite suite of plugs 22-11 m.y. ago. Later activity, which was more widespread and dominantly basaltic in character, began some 7 m.y. ago and has continued until very recent times. It resulted in basaltic plugs and lava plateaux within the Benue trough, and cinder cones and lavas on the Jos Plateau. The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of nine of the fifteen analyzed basic and alkalic rocks lie in the range 0.7025–0.7032, and the highest ratio measured is 0.7129. The main group of trachytes and phonolites are considered to be fractional melts derived from the upper mantle, modified in small part by potassium feldspar crystal fractionation. Two Sr-rich phonolite plugs may have a separate origin from the main group of trachytes and phonolites. The Cenozoic volcanic activity in northeastern Nigeria is probably related to the nearby Cameroun volcanic line. The concentration of plugs within the Benue trough may reflect internal adjustments along old lines of weakness within the African lithosphere plate, in response to synchronous changes affecting the plate's external dimensions and internal structure, such as the growth of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, and the volcanism of the east African rift valley.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Description: The Paleocene flood basalts of the Faroe Islands form a central part of the North Atlantic Igneous Province, but have proven difficult to date because of very low-grade burial metamorphism in the chabazite-thomsonite to the laumontite zeolite zone. We present 17 replicated K/Ar and 8 Ar/Ar whole-rock analyses of basalts from the 〉3 km thick lower basalt formation, the age of which has been debated for years. Samples are from the massive core of thick, exposed flows, and two boreholes (Vestmanna-1 and Lopra-1). Six samples are drill cuttings. Extensive microprobe work and mass balance calculations show that roughly 60% of the potassium of the dated basalts resides in plagioclase, interstitial cryptocrystalline rhyolite and smectitic clay, the rest mainly forming thin rims of alkali feldspar on plagioclase. Six basalts fulfil the following criteria: (1) they are almost homogeneous in K and Ar (ages on different splits vary by 〈4 Ma); (2) the only low-temperature phase present is smectite (saponite{+/-}minor interstratified chlorite-smectite); and (3) max. c. 6% of total K occurs in smectite. This smectite replaced metastable interstitial glass during early burial and has a trivial effect on measured ages. The six basalts give mean K/Ar whole-rock ages of 56.5 {+/-} 1.3 to 58.9 {+/-} 1.3 Ma (1{sigma}), which are interpreted as igneous ages consistent with mapped palaeomagnetic reversals and unpublished Ar/Ar dates. They suggest that the oldest drilled lavas erupted at 58.8 {+/-} 0.5 Ma (1{sigma}) in the later part of magnetochron C26r accumulating at 〉2 km Ma-1, and that the volcanism came to a slow end at 56.4 {+/-} 0.5 Ma in the beginning of chron C24r. The Lower Basalt Formation is overlain by 10m of coal-bearing sediments and 2 km syn-breakup lavas, deposited in early C24r (〉55 Ma). The remaining 11 basalts are either inhomogeneous, carry 〉 10% of the total K in clay, have C/S 〉 saponite or contain traces of zeolites, secondary quartz, dioctahedral smectite or celadonite as probable indicators of prolonged alteration, and they give low or variable K/Ar ages. The Ar/Ar analyses include five of these poor samples plus three of the first group. They give a plateau age of 55.7 {+/-} 0.9 Ma (1{sigma}) for two exposed flows assigned to chron C25n, but of 60-63 Ma for six drilled lavas assigned to C26r. We argue that the later Ar/Ar ages are too high due to 39Ar recoil loss out of the sample (0-25%) or relocation during irradiation and should be ignored.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2004-07-04
    Print ISSN: 1097-6256
    Electronic ISSN: 1546-1726
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-12-29
    Print ISSN: 1385-1314
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0867
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-08-06
    Print ISSN: 0032-079X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5036
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0168-1923
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-2240
    Topics: Geography , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1992-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0377-0273
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-6097
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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