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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 20 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Crustal thermal regimes are sensitive to both the amount and distribution of heat producing elements (HPEs). Since a significant proportion of the crustal complement of HPEs is contained within granites, granite generation and emplacement should lead to significant long-term changes in the thermal structure of the crust. Using HPE concentrations appropriate to representative Australian Proterozoic granites we show that granite segregation leads to changes in the temperature field of the crust of up to c. 50 °C, producing long-term cooling in the source regions and heating at emplacement levels, relative to the pre-granite conductive thermal regime. Because of the intimate connection between thermal regime and lithospheric strength, granite-assisted redistribution of HPEs is likely to be fundamental to cratonisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 92 (1913), S. 233-233 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I OWE Prof. Nicholson an apology. His work is, of course, earlier than Dr. Bohr's, and is actually cited by the latter. The wording of my letter (NATURE, October 9) implies the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Enzyme fluorometry ; peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence ; hydrogen peroxide analysis ; comparative study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract During September 25 to October 28, 1985, the enzyme fluorometric (Lazrus et al., 1985) and the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (Klockow and Jacob, 1986; Jaeschke, 1986) techniques for analyzing H2O2 were compared in laboratory studies at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. and under field conditions at the Whiteface Mt. field station of the Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, Albany, New York, U.S.A. Both methods showed excellent agreement, with a maximum deviation of ±5%. Only at unusually high concentrations of some potential atmospheric species could slight interferences be observed. During the experiments the detection limits were 1.3×10-8 mol/l (0.44 ppbm) of H2O2 for the fluorometric instrument and 4×10-8 mol/l (1.36 ppbm) of H2O2 for the chemiluminescence instrument. For the chemiluminescence technique, the response to methylhydroperoxide was approximately 80-fold less than that to an equivalent concentration of H2O2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 24 (1985), S. 323-328 
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A statistical analysis was made of source trajectory air mass regions versus receptor [SO4 −2] in cloud water at Whiteface Mountain, Wilmington, New York for the summers of 1981 and 1982. Also tested was the assumption that in 1982 sulfate concentrations should decrease in the cloud water when associated with a trajectory from the west northwest. This assumption was based on the fact that Canadian smelters were idle during August 1982 which resulted in a reduction of SO2 emissions by approximately 75%. The trajectory analysis was done using the NOAA/ARL transport model and anion-cation analysis of cloud water was performed using ion chromatography. The Canadian emission data were provided by the Air Resources Branch, Ministry of the Environment. Student's Test was used to test the null hypothesis that no [SO4 −2] differences existed in the cloud water collected during 1981 and 1982. The results were suggestive of the following conclusions: (1) There is so much inherent noise in the data due to meteorological variability that the hypothesized decrease in [SO4 −2] from the smelting operation could not be detected. (2) The trajectory analysis is not precise enough, due to the frequency of soundings and station spacing, to indicate the correct source-receptor for Whiteface Mountain; and a careful analysis of cloud water samples associated with fast moving cold fronts from the Sudbury region might detect an effect on sulfate production. (3) The available meteorology does not seem sufficient to explain the variation seen at the Whiteface Mountain field station.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of bufuralol and its pharmacologically active metabolites in human plasma is described. The O-trimethylsilyl,N-trifluoroacetyl derivatives are assayed by mass fragmentography. Sensitivity is 1 ng ml-1 plasma for bufuralol and about 250 pg ml-1 for the metabolites. An alternative procedure which uses gas chromatography with electron capture detection is also described. The sensitivity of this is about 10 ng ml-1 plasma for all drug-related components.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-08-21
    Description: Since 1963, the International Heat Flow Commission has been fostering the compilation of the Global Heat Flow Database to provide reliable heat-flow data. Over time, techniques and methodologies evolved, calling for a reorganization of the database structure and for a reassessment of stored heat-flow data. Here, we provide the results of a collaborative, community-driven approach to set-up a new, quality-approved global heat-flow database. We present background information on how heat-flow is determined and how this important thermal parameter could be systematically evaluated. The latter requires appropriate documentation of metadata to allow the application of a consistent evaluation scheme. The knowledge of basic data (name and coordinates of the site, depth range of temperature measurements, etc.), details on temperature and thermal-conductivity data and possible perturbing effects need to be given. The proposed heat-flow quality evaluation scheme can discriminate between different quality aspects affecting heat flow: numerical uncertainties, methodological uncertainties, and environmental effects. The resulting quality codes allow the evaluation of every stored heat-flow data entry. If mandatory basic data are missing, the entry is marked accordingly. In cases where more than one heat-flow determination is presented for one specific site, and all of them are considered for the site, the poorest evaluation score is inherited to the site level. The required data and the proposed scheme are presented in this paper. Due to the requirements of the newly developed evaluation scheme, the database structure as presented in 2021 has been updated and is available in the appendix of this paper. The new quality scheme will allow a comprehensible evaluation of the stored heat-flow data for the first time.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2001-01-01
    Description: Mount Isa is a Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic terrane in Northern Australia characterized by 〉300 Ma of episodic tectonic activity prior to effective cratonization. This tectonic activity has resulted in dramatic changes in the heat production distribution in the crust and must have been accompanied by long-term changes in thermal regimes. Primary differentiation of crust initially enriched in heat producing elements has been achieved by felsic magmatism over much of the 300 Ma history, often associated with extensional deformation. The flux of heat producing elements from lower to mid-upper crustal levels associated with this magmatism was sufficient to cause long-term lower crustal cooling of at least 200{degrees}C. The accumulation of the radiogenic intrusives (which comprise c. 230f surface outcrop and have heat production rates averaging 5.2 {micro}Wm-3) in the mid-upper crust resulted in a highly stratified heat production distribution. One consequence of this distribution is that small changes in the depth to this heat production, through processes such as deformation, erosion and the deposition of sediments, lead to significant changes in deep crustal temperatures (up to 100{degrees}C) and consequently lithospheric strength. These considerations suggest that the long-term evolution of the Mount Isa region partly reflects the progressive concentration of heat-producing elements in the upper crust leading to a long-term increase in lithospheric strength, and eventually to effective cratonization. The long-term cooling and strengthening trend was locally countered by the role of subsidence during basin formation which, through burial of heat producing elements in the existing crust and the accumulation of more heat production in insulating sediments, helped to localize subsequent contractional deformation.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2001-01-01
    Description: The geological record of intraplate deformation in central Australia implies that past tectonic activity (basin formation, deformation and erosion) has modulated the response of the lithosphere during subsequent tectonic activity. In particular, there is a correspondence between the localization of deformation during intraplate orogeny and the presence of thick sedimentary successions in the preserved remnants of a formerly widespread intracratonic basin. This behaviour can be understood as a kind of tectonic feedback', effected by the long-term thermal and mechanical consequences of changes in the distribution of heat producing elements induced by earlier tectonism. From a geochemical point of view, one of the most dramatic effects of intraplate orogeny in central Australia has been the exposure, in the cores of the orogens, of deep crustal rocks largely depleted in the heat producing elements. The geochemical structuring of the crust associated with the erosion of the heat-producing upper crust resulted in long-term cooling of the deep crust and upper mantle with associated lithospheric strengthening. This is illustrated here by mapping the consequences of deformation and associated tectonic responses onto the h-qc plane, where h is the characteristic length-scale for heat production distribution, and qc is the total crustal heat production. Because rates of intraplate deformation in central Australia appear to be much slower than that typical of plate margin orogens, it is possible that the ongoing geochemical structuring of the crust has played an important role in terminating intraplate orogeny in central Australia by providing a thermal lock'. The diagnostic geophysical signature of this lock may be the extraordinary gravity anomalies of the central Australian intraplate orogens.
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  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-06-28
    Description: The nature and pace of genome mutation is largely unknown. Because standard methods sequence DNA from populations of cells, the genetic composition of individual cells is lost, de novo mutations in cells are concealed within the bulk signal and per cell cycle mutation rates and mechanisms remain elusive. Although single-cell genome analyses could resolve these problems, such analyses are error-prone because of whole-genome amplification (WGA) artefacts and are limited in the types of DNA mutation that can be discerned. We developed methods for paired-end sequence analysis of single-cell WGA products that enable (i) detecting multiple classes of DNA mutation, (ii) distinguishing DNA copy number changes from allelic WGA-amplification artefacts by the discovery of matching aberrantly mapping read pairs among the surfeit of paired-end WGA and mapping artefacts and (iii) delineating the break points and architecture of structural variants. By applying the methods, we capture DNA copy number changes acquired over one cell cycle in breast cancer cells and in blastomeres derived from a human zygote after in vitro fertilization. Furthermore, we were able to discover and fine-map a heritable inter-chromosomal rearrangement t(1;16)(p36;p12) by sequencing a single blastomere. The methods will expedite applications in basic genome research and provide a stepping stone to novel approaches for clinical genetic diagnosis.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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