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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: K/T boundary geochemical anomalies have been used previously to support the impact event at the end of the Cretaceous. However, impact models and assessment of the extraterrestrial contribution to the boundary sediments should also consider the diagenetic alteration of the impact signatures. Mineralogical and geochemical studies centring on redox proxies reveal differences in trace-element concentrations at Agost and Caravaca (SE Spain), two of the most complete K/T boundary sections. These differences probably derive from variations in the diagenetic evolution of the ejecta layer. Several redox proxies, such as extensive pyrite formation, high authigenic uranium concentration and positive Eu anomalies, indicate very strong reducing conditions at Agost. Positive Eu anomalies are extremely unusual in sediments, and in this case are interpreted to indicate a highly reducing environment. In such conditions, certain trace elements such as Ir, may have been remobilized, thereby masking the original signature of the impact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Antimony; Arsenic; Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); Barium; Bromine; Calcium carbonate; Carbon, organic, total; Clay minerals; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GC; Gravity corer; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iodine; Iodine/Bromine ratio; Iron; Manganese; Mediterranean Sea; Nickel; Nitrogen, total; Potassium; Quartz; Rubidium; Titanium; TTR-GL94; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Zinc; Zirconium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 228 data points
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gallego-Torres, David; Martinez-Ruiz, Francisca C; de Lange, Gert J; Jiménez-Espejo, Francisco Jose; Ortega-Huertas, M (2010): Trace-elemental derived paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic conditions for Pleistocene Eastern Mediterranean sapropels. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 293(1-2), 76-89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.05.001
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Eastern Mediterranean sediments are characterized by cyclic deposition of organic-rich sediments known as sapropels. Enhanced primary productivity combined with bottom water oxygen depletion are thought to be the main drivers for sapropel deposition. We selected sapropel layers from a suite of ODP-Leg 160 cores, and applied a set of geochemical proxies to determine paleo-productivity variations, redox conditions of the water column during deposition, and provenance of detrital material. High sedimentary Ba/Al and Corg contents indicate enhanced primary production, whereas the sedimentary La/Lu ratio, points to an enhanced contribution from a North African riverine source, during sapropel formation. These features are especially pronounced on Sapropels S5 and S7, deposited during a particularly warm climatic interval. This indicates a more intense North African drainage/weathering and consequently run-off for those sapropels that have the most enhanced expression of productivity too. Correspondingly, the latter has also resulted in bottom water redox conditions that have been more severe during these sapropels than during others. Deepwater formation from Adriatic and Aegean areas, thought to be mainly controlled by sustained cooling of preconditioned surface waters, triggers the onset of bottomwater ventilation, thus sapropel duration. Our data, therefore, suggest that the intensity of sapropel formation is determined by the North African monsoonal system, whereas their duration is directed by northern borderlands climatic conditions.
    Keywords: 160-964; 160-966; 160-967; 160-969; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Eastern Basin; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 4
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gallego-Torres, David; Martinez-Ruiz, Francisca C; Paytan, Adina; Jiménez-Espejo, Francisco Jose; Ortega-Huertas, M (2007): Pliocene-Holocene evolution of depositional conditions in the eastern Mediterranean: Role of anoxia vs. productivity at time of sapropel deposition. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 246(2-4), 424-439, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.10.008
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A multiproxy geochemical study of nine sapropel layers from ODP Hole 964A, ODP Leg 160 in the eastern Mediterranean spanning the Pliocene-Holocene time interval provides new insights into the evolution of sapropel deposition. Paleoenvironmental proxies were used for reconstruction of productivity (Ba derived from marine barite), oxygen conditions (trace metal ratios) and sedimentary regime (clay minerals, detrital elements). These proxies reveal a significant increase in river runoff relative to decreasing aeolian input during sapropel deposition over the whole time interval. Ba excess supports the argument that a significant increase in export productivity is the main triggering mechanism for sapropel deposition, although preservation also played an important role. Furthermore, major differences exist in depositional conditions, including both oxygenation and productivity since the Pliocene. Productivity fluctuated substantially and was higher during the Pliocene and Pleistocene than during the Holocene; at the same time decreasing oxygen availability parallels the enhanced productivity. Dysoxic to anoxic conditions appear to coincide with marine productivity maxima, thus suggesting that oxygen depletion may be linked to greater consumption rather than restricted circulation. This correspondence supports the hypothesis that productivity fluctuations resulting from climate oscillations were the main cause of enhanced organic matter contents and also a main controlling factor for reduced oxygen availability.
    Keywords: -; 160-964A; Accumulation rate, mass; Accumulation rate, total organic carbon; Barium/Aluminium ratio; Calcite; Carbon, organic, total; Cobalt/Aluminium ratio; Comment; Density, dry bulk; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Eastern Basin; Joides Resolution; Lanthanum/Lutetium ratio; Leg160; Manganese/Aluminium ratio; Molybdenum/Aluminium ratio; Nickel/Aluminium ratio; Nickel/Cobalt ratio; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sedimentation rate; Size fraction 〈 0.002 mm, clay; Uranium/Thorium ratio; Uranium authigenic index; Vanadium/(Vanadium+Nickle) ratio; Vanadium/Chromium ratio; Vanadium/Scandium ratio; Zirconium/Aluminium ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3582 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 160-964; 160-966; 160-967; 160-969; AGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Eastern Basin; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample comment; Sedimentation rate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 56 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 160-964; 160-966; 160-967; 160-969; AGE; Comment; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Eastern Basin; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample comment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 28 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 160-964; 160-966; 160-967; 160-969; AGE; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Eastern Basin; Event label; Joides Resolution; Lanthanum/Lutetium ratio; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample comment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 28 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: 25/4-11; Aluminium; Antimony; Arsenic; Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); Barium; Bromine; Calcium carbonate; Carbon, organic, total; Clay minerals; Cobalt; Copper; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Iodine; Iodine/Bromine ratio; Iron; KL; Lanthanum/Lutetium ratio; M25/4; M25/4-KL11; Manganese; Meteor (1986); Nickel; Nickel/Cobalt ratio; Nitrogen, total; Piston corer (BGR type); Potassium; Quartz; Rubidium; Thorium; Titanium; Uranium; Uranium authigenic index; X-ray fluorescence (XRF); Zinc; Zirconium; Zirconium/Aluminium ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 495 data points
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  • 9
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Martinez-Ruiz, Francisca C; Kastner, Miriam; Paytan, Adina; Ortega-Huertas, M; Bernasconi, Stefano M (2000): Geochemical evidence for enhanced productivity during S1 sapropel deposition in the eastern Mediterranean. Paleoceanography, 15(2), 200-209, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999PA000419
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: The geochemistry of the youngest Mediterranean sapropel layer suggests changes in productivity and water column oxygen conditions during sapropel deposition. The Ba-enriched interval is broader than the organic-carbon-rich interval of this sapropel. We suggest that the Ba-enriched horizon records the original thickness of the sapropel prior to subsequent partial oxidation. The main carrier of Ba is barite, as microcrystals (0.5-5 µm ) having a morphology characteristic of marine barite, particularly abundant beneath high productivity regions. Ba concentrations do not change at the sapropel layer oxidation front and diagenetic barite crystals are absent, thus the Ba-enriched layer reflects original oceanic conditions of increased biological productivity during sapropel deposition and not diagenetic Ba remobilization. Paleoredox indicators point to restricted oxygenated bottom water but not to fully anoxic conditions. Detrital elements within this layer indicate a lower eolian terrigenous input, enhanced humidity, and increased precipitation/runoff, thus likely higher nutrient supply.
    Keywords: 25/4-11; GC; Gravity corer; KL; M25/4; M25/4-KL11; Mediterranean Sea; Meteor (1986); Piston corer (BGR type); TTR-GL94
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2001-01-01
    Description: The Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary interval recovered by the ODP Leg 171 at Site 1049 (Blake Nose, NW Atlantic) contains a thick (9-17 cm) spherule bed marking the boundary. The spherules are mainly perfect spheres with a lesser proportion of oval spherules. They usually range from 100 to 1000 {micro}m. This bed represent the diagenetically altered impact ejecta from Chicxulub and further supports this structure as the site of the K-T impact. Mineralogical and geochemical investigations indicate that impact-generated glass was altered to smectite. Transmission electron microscopy observations revealed in some spherules that smectite is forming from a Si-rich or Ca-rich material, which could suggest a precursor similar to Haitian glasses. The variable thickness and the presence of some Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera and clasts of Cretaceous chalk suggest reworking of the ejecta material. However, the spherule bed confirms that a large volume of the Chicxulub ejecta material reached the Blake Nose Plateau.
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