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  • 1
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Cl. Ly 12NK-1+/11 lyses the YAC-1 lymphoma 100 times more efficiently than unfractionated spleen cells, but does not lyse the NK cell-resistant RL-12 lymphoma8. Like NK cells activated by interferon or other factors, it lyses the EL-4 lymphoma, the P815 mastocytoma, and lipopolysaccharide-activated ...
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mast cells proliferate in the thymus of NZB mice11 and elsewhere in association with T cells2'7. To explain these findings, Burnet proposed that certain mast cell populations are derived from cells of the thymus-dependent lineage12. Alternatively, proliferation might be controlled by a soluble ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 30 (1998), S. 603-608 
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Basophilic leucocytes are metachromatic granule-containing secretory granulocytes that contain a mixture of granular proteoglycans devoid of heparin. In guinea pigs, isolated basophilic leucocyte granules primarily contain chondroitin sulphate. We have recently demonstrated that an enzyme-affinity– gold technique to image RNA, using the reagent RNase gold, also binds specifically to heparin in human mast cell granules. Such binding is based on the known property of heparin as a competitive inhibitor of RNase. Using similar methods, we show here that RNase–gold binds to the chondroitin sulphate in the secretory granules of guinea pig basophils, thus broadening the applicability of this post-embedding affinity–gold method to studies that require imaging of chondroitin sulphate in routinely prepared electron microscopical samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human mast cells are professional secretory cells that store synthetic products in large granules filling their cytoplasm. Unlike many secretory cells, the principal synthetic organelle, ribosome-rich endoplasmic reticulum, is a minor component of their cytoplasm. Sightings of nonmembrane-bound ribosomes in and near their secretory granules stimulated detailed ultrastructural studies of various RNA species to implicate secretory-storage granules in RNA biology. In the work reported here, postembedding immunogold ultrastructural cytochemistry indicates that human mast cells contain uridine, an integral ingredient of RNA, and ribonucleoproteins, known to associate with small nuclear RNAs important for splicing RNA precursors, several ribonucleoproteins with possible functions in other aspects of RNA biology and ribonucleoproteins known to associate with ribosomes. These findings should catalyse future work toward establishing the full functional repertoire of secretory-storage granules.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 29 (1997), S. 801-812 
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A post-embedding ultrastructural immunogold method was used to detect osteopontin in human intestinal biopsies with special emphasis on secretory and phagocytic organelles. Osteopontin immunoreactivity was localized to phagolysosomes of macrophages, fibroblasts, absorptive epithelial cells of the small intestine and Paneth cells. The mucigen secretory granules and Golgi structures of mucous epithelial cells of the small intestinal epithelium contained osteopontin, but secretory granules of numerous other cells, including Paneth cells, did not. Extracellular and phagocytosed Tropheryma whippelii within macrophage phagolysosomes also bound osteopontin. These localizations are supportive of a role for osteopontin in phagocytic and some secretory cell functions in human intestine
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 293 (1998), S. 1-22 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Piecemeal degranulation ; Histamine ; Charcot-Leyden crystal protein ; Anaphylactic degranulation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The evidence for vesicular transport as a mechanism for secretion by human basophils is reviewed. Initially, direct electron-microscopic inspection of experimentally produced and sequentially biopsied contact allergy skin lesions revealed a unique form of secretion termed piecemeal degranulation, characterized by the slow emptying of secretory granule contents (with retention of empty containers) in the absence of extrusion of entire granules. Budding of small vesicles to/from secretory granules was observed, and cytoplasmic vesicles were abundant. A generalized degranulation model was proposed to unify classical regulated secretion and this new form of secretion. Investigation of the mechanism(s) of secretion from human basophils required the development of numerous tools and resources. Chief among these were: (a) isolation and purification of circulating basophils; (b) identification of specific growth factors to increase the supply of this rare granulocyte; (c) understanding of secretogogue mechanisms and reliable analyses of secreted basophil products; and (d) development of ultrastructural preparations allowing imaging of small vesicles and quantifiable small electron-dense tags for granule materials in small vesicles. Applications of these tools to well-defined models of basophil secretion have established a role for vesicles as a mechanism for effecting secretion of histamine and the Charcot-Leyden crystal protein from activated human basophils.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mature human mast cells are classical secretory cells that are filled with secretory-storage granules but are poorly endowed with visible free or membrane-bound cytoplasmic ribosomes. We recently reported close associations of ribosomes and various components essential to RNA metabolism in and close to human mast cell granules using multiple ultrastructural imaging methods. In view of these findings and an increased awareness of RNA sorting and localization to specific subcellular sites and organelles, we used human mast cells purified from non-tumour portions of lung samples resected at surgery for carcinoma and ultrastructural methods to investigate this further. Poly(U) probes were used to detect direct en grid binding, and radiolabelled as well as non-radiolabelled poly(U) probes were used in in situ hybridization protocols to detect poly(A)-positive pre-mRNA and mRNA in nuclear, cytoplasmic and granular compartments of mature human mast cells. Negative controls verified specificity of label; expected nuclear and cytoplasmic locations of poly(A)-positive RNA served as positive controls for each sample. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that site-specific synthesis in secretory-storage granules may occur in secretory cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 293 (1998), S. 445-452 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words Chédiak-Higashi syndrome ; Condensing vacuole ; Golgi complex ; Unit granule formation ; Mouse (beige)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We investigated the development of secretory granules in the pancreatic acinar cells of normal (C57BL/6J +/+) and beige (C57BL/6J Lyst bg /Lyst bg ) mice by analyzing the distribution of 3H label in pancreatic acinar cells after a pulse of [3H]glycine administered in vivo. The results provide quantitative confirmation of the hypothesis that the maturation of condensing vacuoles/immature granules to mature granules in pancreatic acinar cells is associated with a significant volume reduction. Beige mice differ from control mice by exhibiting a more rapid distribution of 3H label from the rough endoplasmic reticulum-rich cytoplasm to the secretory granules and a slightly faster rate of maturation of 3H-labeled granules. Beige mouse pancreatic acinar cells also exhibited, as early as 1 h after pulsing with [3H]glycine, a much higher proportion of 3H-labeled secretory granules than did the cells of control mice. These findings identify additional abnormalities in secretory granule formation in pancreatic acinar cells which are related to the beige (Lyst bg ) mutation and provide support for the hypothesis that beige mice exhibit an abnormal pattern of granule-granule fusion.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 20 (1988), S. 373-387 
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary It was demonstrated that microwave energy used simultaneously in combination with low concentrations of glutaraldehyde (0.05%) and formaldehyde (2.0%) rapidly preserved light microscopic histology and excellent fine structural details, as well as a variety of cytoplasmic and membrane-bound antigens. Specimen blocks up to 1 cm3 can be fixed in as brief a time as 26 ms using a specially designed microwave device (ultrafast microwave fixation method). The fast microwave fixation method, using a commercially available device, was successfully used to preserve granule-bound rat mast cell chymase which was subsequently detected by a postembedding immunogold procedure. Control of the following parameters is important to the microwave fixation method: (1) specimens with one dimension less than 1 cm; (2) irradiation temperatures lower than 50°C; (3) irradiation times less than 50 s; (4) immediate replacement of the postirradiation solution with cold storage buffer; (5) fixing the specimen within 15 min after it is removed from its blood supply.
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